Outer And Middle Ear Disorders Flashcards
How does auricular haematoma occur?
Due to damage of the auricle
What is the management of auricular haematoma?
Incision and drainage
Pressure dressing- prevents re accumulation
Antibiotics- prevent infection of cartilage pinna
What are complication of auricular haemotoma?
Cauliflower ear- necrosis of cartilage of auricle
What is the management of foreign body in ear?
Removal (if very small it will come out with wax)
Urgency of removal depends on type of foreign body
How soon should you remove a button battery?
Within hours?
How soon should you take out an organic foreign body?
Within days
How soon should you take out an inorganic foreign body?
Within weeks
What is otitis externa?
Inflammation of external auditory meatus
How does otitis externa present?
§ Pain
§ Discharge
§ Itching
§ Hearing loss
What is the management of otitis externa?
§ Antibiotics/ steroid ear drops
§ +/- suction under microscope
What is prevention of otitis externa?
Don’t use water or cotton buds
What is malignant otitis externa?
Can spread
Osteomyelitis of temporal bone
How does malignant otitis externa present
Severe pain in elderly diabetic
Granulations in external auditory meatus
+/- cranial nerve palsies
Malignant Otitis externa management?
Antibiotics for weeks or months
What is otitis media with effusion?
Sterile fluid in middle ear
How does otitis media with effusion present?
Hearing loss
Speech delay
How is otitis media with effusion managed?
Observation for 3 months
Otovent- a look up the nose
Gromnet- plastic tube that sits in the eardrum
Wha is acute supportive otitis media?
Pus in middle ear
How does acute supportive otitis media present?
Otalgia +/- otorrhoea
How is otitis media managed?
Observation +/- antib
What is tympanisclerosis?
Calcification in tympanic membrane +/- middle ear
How does tympanosclerosis present?
Usually asymptomatic
Can have white patches in tympanic membrane
What is the management of tympanosclerosis?
None
What are the complications of chronic supportive otitis media?
Dead ear
Facial palsy
Meningitis
Brain abscess
What causes perforation of tympanic membrane?
Infection
Trauma
Grommet
What is the presentation of perforation of tympanic membrane?
Recurrent infection
Hearing loss
What is the management of perforation of tympanic membrane?
Water precautions
+/- myringoplasty
What is cholesteatoma caused by?
Eustachian tube dysfunction
Impaired skin migration
How does Cholesteatoma present?
Persistent offensive otorrohoea
What is the management for Cholesteatoma?
Mastoidectomy
What is the presentation of otosclerosis?
Conductive hearing loss
Normal tympanic membrane
What is the pathology of otosclerosis?
Fixation of stapes by extra bone
What is the management of otosclerosis?
Hearing aid
Stapedectomy
What is the clinical features of facial nerve palsy?
Lower motor neuron facial palsy
What are the differential diagnosis to FNP?
Intratemporal eg cholesteatoma
Extratemporal eg parotid tumour
Idiopathic = Bell’s palsy
What is the management of FNP?
Treat underlying cause
Steroids
Eye care
