Outer and Inner Ear

Question 1

the outer and inner ear is a _____ system. what are its functions?

Answer 1

statoacoustic system
maintains balance and detects sounds

Question 2

function of external and middle ear

Answer 2

receive, amplify, and transmit sound

Question 3

outer and inner auditory system have the role of converting ____ into ___

Answer 3

convert physical vibration into an encoded impulse

Question 4

what happens when the ear is first stimulated with vibration?

Answer 4

ear is stimulated w vibration, vibration transduced into nervous impulse, impulse is processed by central auditory pathways

Question 5

function of outer ear

Answer 5

conducts sound to cochlea so cochlea can transduce the vibration

Question 6

what cells in the cochlea are responsible for tranducing vibrations?

Answer 6

hair cells that stimulate the nervous impulse
they are bathed in body fluid that provide them with energy, nutrients, and oxygen

Question 7

the sound conducting mechanism of the outer ear is divided into what 2 parts

Answer 7

1. outer part: catches the sound (more from front than back)
2. inner part impedence matching device

Question 8

ear canal serves as opening between which 2 structures

Answer 8

ear canal is opening between auricle and tympanic membrane

Question 9

serumen

Answer 9

ear wax produced by apocrine glands that cleanse and lubricate ear cana;

Question 10

structure of inner ear canal

Answer 10

lined by temporal bone
auriculotemporal nerve

Question 11

titus externa

Answer 11

inflammation of external ear canal aka swimmer’s ear
caused by contaminated pools or lakes
dx by seeing swollen auditory canal on otoscopic exam
infection impedes serumen production

Question 12

external acoustic meatus
how do you check on exam?

Answer 12

marks beginning of external auditory canal
must pull pinna UP and BACK for otoscopic exam

Question 13

function of tragus

Answer 13

reflect sound coming from behind

Question 14

outer ear muscles divided into what 2 groups

Answer 14

extrinsic muscles of outer ear
intrinsic muscles of outer ear

Question 15

extrinsic muscles of outer ear

Answer 15

superior auricular
anterior auricular
posterior auricular

Question 16

intrinsic muscles of outer ear

Answer 16

helicis major
helicis minor
tragus
antitragus

Question 17

tympanic membrane aka
Separates ___ & ___
soundwaves do what
5 components

Answer 17

aka: eardrum
separates external and middle ear
soundwaves = mechanical vibration
5 components: tympanic ring, cone of light, manubriu of malleolus, umbo, and pars flaccida

Question 18

middle ear function

Answer 18

transfers sound waves from tympanic membrane though bone to the oval window of the cochlea

Question 19

audiory/eustachian tube connects what 2 structures for what purpose?

Answer 19

connects tympanic cavity with nasopharynx to allow for air pressure equalization between middle and outer ear

Question 20

cochlea is ____ filled

Answer 20

fluid filled

Question 21

tympanic membrane connect to oval window by what 3 ossicles? what is the function of these ossicles?

Answer 21

1. malleus (hammer)
2. incus (anvil)
3. stapes (stirrup)
   funct: amplify sound 10x

Question 22

what are the 3 smallest bones in human body?

Answer 22

the 3 ossicles of ear (incus, malleus, stapes)

Question 23

malleus connected to __________
articulates with _____ through _______ joint

Answer 23

malleus connected to tympanic membrane
articulates with incus through incutomalleolar joint

Question 24

incus connects to ______ through ______ joint

Answer 24

incus connects to stapes through incutostapedial joint

Question 25

stapes connects to ______

Answer 25

stapes connects to membrane of oval window