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The Head > Bones of the Skull > Flashcards

Bones of the Skull Flashcards

1
Q

cranium is divided into

A

neurocranium and viscerocranium

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2
Q

neurocranium divided into ___ and _____. function

A

roof=calvaria/dome
base=floor of skull
serves as roof of head and protects brain

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3
Q

viscerocranium

A

facial part of head

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4
Q

suture

A

synarthroses (strong & immobile) connects all of the bones of the skull

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5
Q

coronal suture

A

ear to ear across the top of the skull

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6
Q

sagittal suture

A

runs along the midline of the skull separating parietal bones (front to back)

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7
Q

lambdoid suture

A

connects parietal bone to occipital bone (located at back of skull)

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8
Q

squamous suture

A

joins parietal bone to squamous part of temporal bone (located on side of skull)

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9
Q

when do the sutures become immobile?

A

after 2 y/o

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10
Q

fotanels

A

soft gaps between cranial bones present until 2 y/o

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11
Q

how many fotanels and order of closing?

A

6 fotanels
posterior closes 1st
sphenoid closes 2nd
mastoid closes 3rd
anterior closes 4th
“PSMA”

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12
Q

purpose of fotanels

A

allow baby to pass through birth canal and allow brain to continue growing

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13
Q

craniosynostosis

A

birth defect where baby’s skull bones fuse together prematurely limiting brain growth and abnormal skull growth (premature ossification of fotanels)

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14
Q

calvaria

A

top part of neurocranium

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15
Q

what are the bones that make up the calvaria?

A

frontal, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, and occipital

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16
Q

what are the 2 layers of the calvaria and what separates them?

A

inner thin layer and outer layer for protection.
separated by diploe

17
Q

diploe

A

spongy bone tissue with bone marrow an diploic veins

18
Q

frontal bone
Forms what 2 structures

A

forms forehead and superior rim of orbit
pneumatized bone

19
Q

parietal bone
single/paired & shape
forms _ and __ of cranium

A

paired quadrilateral bone
forms roots and sides of cranium

20
Q

occipital bone
has 4 parts
contains which main foramina that contains what main structure

A

has 4 parts: squamous, basilar, and 2 lateral parts
contains formane magnum where spinal cord passes through

21
Q

temporal bone
Paired or single /shape
Houses ___
Comp of 4 parts ____

A

paired, flat bone
houses ears
pneumatized bone
composed of 4 parts: squamous, zygoatic process, tympanic membrane and styloid, and petromastoid

22
Q

cranial base

A

floor of cranial cavity
has 2 surfaces: endocranium & external cranial base

23
Q

components of cranial base

A

sphenoid, ethmoid, occipital, frontal, and temporal

24
Q

viscerocranium

A

facial skeleton
all bones joined by synarthroses except mandible

25
Q

ethmoid bone

A

separates nasal and cranial cavity
pneumatized
articulates with frontal and sphenoid bones

26
Q

what is the superior projection of the ethmoid bone?

A

crista galli

27
Q

what tunnel like structure are found on either side of the ethmoid bone?

A

cribiform plate

28
Q

sphenoid bone
composed of what 4 parts

A

pneumatized
composed of: body, greater wing, lesser wing, and pterygoid process

29
Q

what is the depression in the body of the sphenoid bone called and what does it contain?

A

sella turcica - houses pituitary gland

30
Q

what nerve passes through the sphenoid bone?

A

the optic nerves pass through the optical canal of the sphenoid bone

31
Q

zygomatic bone
Shape / paired/single?
Forms what 2 parts of orbit

A

irregular paired bone
forms part of orbit’s inferior and lateral rims

32
Q

nasal bone
Forms what structure of nose
Articulates with which 2 structures

A

forms bridge of nose
paired
articulates with frontal bone and maxilla

33
Q

maxilla
Describe structure
Composed of body & what 4 processes

A

large, paired bone
pneumatized
holds upper teeth
composed of: body and 4 processes
4 processes: zygomatic, alveolar, palatine, and frontal

34
Q

palatine bone

A

forms hard palate with maxila
composed of 2 perpendicular plates:
horizontal plate = hard palate
vertical plate = lateral wall of nasal cavity

35
Q

mandible
forms what 2 facial structures
paired/unpaired
articulates with ___ through ____ joint
3 parts

A

large bone forming chin and jaw line
unpaired
articulates with temporal bone through temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
holds lower teeth
composed of: ramous, body, and alveolar processes `

36
Q

bones of skull are connected through synarthrosis. state each synarthrosis and what 2 bones it connects

A

squamosal suture- temporal and parietal (STP)
coronal suture - between frontal and parietal (CPF)
lambdoidal suture- between occipital and parietal (LOP)
sagittal suture- between the 2 parietal bones (SPP)

37
Q

which bones exist singularly?
frontal
lacrimal
parietal
temporal
sphenoid
ethmoid
occipital

A

frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, occipital

The Head (7 decks)

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