Bones of the Skull

Question 1

cranium is divided into

Answer 1

neurocranium and viscerocranium

Question 2

neurocranium divided into ___ and _____. function

Answer 2

roof=calvaria/dome
base=floor of skull
serves as roof of head and protects brain

Question 3

viscerocranium

Answer 3

facial part of head

Question 4

suture

Answer 4

synarthroses (strong & immobile) connects all of the bones of the skull

Question 5

coronal suture

Answer 5

ear to ear across the top of the skull

Question 6

sagittal suture

Answer 6

runs along the midline of the skull separating parietal bones (front to back)

Question 7

lambdoid suture

Answer 7

connects parietal bone to occipital bone (located at back of skull)

Question 8

squamous suture

Answer 8

joins parietal bone to squamous part of temporal bone (located on side of skull)

Question 9

when do the sutures become immobile?

Answer 9

after 2 y/o

Question 10

fotanels

Answer 10

soft gaps between cranial bones present until 2 y/o

Question 11

how many fotanels and order of closing?

Answer 11

6 fotanels
posterior closes 1st
sphenoid closes 2nd
mastoid closes 3rd
anterior closes 4th
“PSMA”

Question 12

purpose of fotanels

Answer 12

allow baby to pass through birth canal and allow brain to continue growing

Question 13

craniosynostosis

Answer 13

birth defect where baby’s skull bones fuse together prematurely limiting brain growth and abnormal skull growth (premature ossification of fotanels)

Question 14

calvaria

Answer 14

top part of neurocranium

Question 15

what are the bones that make up the calvaria?

Answer 15

frontal, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, and occipital

Question 16

what are the 2 layers of the calvaria and what separates them?

Answer 16

inner thin layer and outer layer for protection.
separated by diploe

Question 17

diploe

Answer 17

spongy bone tissue with bone marrow an diploic veins

Question 18

frontal bone
Forms what 2 structures

Answer 18

forms forehead and superior rim of orbit
pneumatized bone

Question 19

parietal bone
single/paired & shape
forms _ and __ of cranium

Answer 19

paired quadrilateral bone
forms roots and sides of cranium

Question 20

occipital bone
has 4 parts
contains which main foramina that contains what main structure

Answer 20

has 4 parts: squamous, basilar, and 2 lateral parts
contains formane magnum where spinal cord passes through

Question 21

temporal bone
Paired or single /shape
Houses ___
Comp of 4 parts ____

Answer 21

paired, flat bone
houses ears
pneumatized bone
composed of 4 parts: squamous, zygoatic process, tympanic membrane and styloid, and petromastoid

Question 22

cranial base

Answer 22

floor of cranial cavity
has 2 surfaces: endocranium & external cranial base

Question 23

components of cranial base

Answer 23

sphenoid, ethmoid, occipital, frontal, and temporal

Question 24

viscerocranium

Answer 24

facial skeleton
all bones joined by synarthroses except mandible

Question 25

ethmoid bone

Answer 25

separates nasal and cranial cavity pneumatized articulates with frontal and sphenoid bones

Question 26

what is the superior projection of the ethmoid bone?

Answer 26

crista galli

Question 27

what tunnel like structure are found on either side of the ethmoid bone?

Answer 27

cribiform plate

Question 28

sphenoid bone composed of what 4 parts

Answer 28

pneumatized composed of: body, greater wing, lesser wing, and pterygoid process

Question 29

what is the depression in the body of the sphenoid bone called and what does it contain?

Answer 29

sella turcica - houses pituitary gland

Question 30

what nerve passes through the sphenoid bone?

Answer 30

the optic nerves pass through the optical canal of the sphenoid bone

Question 31

zygomatic bone Shape / paired/single? Forms what 2 parts of orbit

Answer 31

irregular paired bone forms part of orbit's inferior and lateral rims

Question 32

nasal bone Forms what structure of nose Articulates with which 2 structures

Answer 32

forms bridge of nose paired articulates with frontal bone and maxilla

Question 33

maxilla Describe structure Composed of body & what 4 processes

Answer 33

large, paired bone pneumatized holds upper teeth composed of: body and 4 processes 4 processes: zygomatic, alveolar, palatine, and frontal

Question 34

palatine bone

Answer 34

forms hard palate with maxila composed of 2 perpendicular plates: horizontal plate = hard palate vertical plate = lateral wall of nasal cavity

Question 35

mandible forms what 2 facial structures paired/unpaired articulates with ___ through ____ joint 3 parts

Answer 35

large bone forming chin and jaw line unpaired articulates with temporal bone through temporomandibular joint (TMJ) holds lower teeth composed of: ramous, body, and alveolar processes `

Question 36

bones of skull are connected through synarthrosis. state each synarthrosis and what 2 bones it connects

Answer 36

squamosal suture- temporal and parietal (STP) coronal suture - between frontal and parietal (CPF) lambdoidal suture- between occipital and parietal (LOP) sagittal suture- between the 2 parietal bones (SPP)

Question 37

which bones exist singularly? frontal lacrimal parietal temporal sphenoid ethmoid occipital

Answer 37

frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, occipital