Bones of the Skull Flashcards

1
Q

cranium is divided into

A

neurocranium and viscerocranium

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2
Q

neurocranium divided into ___ and _____. function

A

roof=calvaria/dome
base=floor of skull
serves as roof of head and protects brain

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3
Q

viscerocranium

A

facial part of head

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4
Q

suture

A

synarthroses (strong & immobile) connects all of the bones of the skull

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5
Q

coronal suture

A

ear to ear across the top of the skull

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6
Q

sagittal suture

A

runs along the midline of the skull separating parietal bones (front to back)

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7
Q

lambdoid suture

A

connects parietal bone to occipital bone (located at back of skull)

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8
Q

squamous suture

A

joins parietal bone to squamous part of temporal bone (located on side of skull)

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9
Q

when do the sutures become immobile?

A

after 2 y/o

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10
Q

fotanels

A

soft gaps between cranial bones present until 2 y/o

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11
Q

how many fotanels and order of closing?

A

6 fotanels
posterior closes 1st
sphenoid closes 2nd
mastoid closes 3rd
anterior closes 4th
“PSMA”

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12
Q

purpose of fotanels

A

allow baby to pass through birth canal and allow brain to continue growing

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13
Q

craniosynostosis

A

birth defect where baby’s skull bones fuse together prematurely limiting brain growth and abnormal skull growth (premature ossification of fotanels)

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14
Q

calvaria

A

top part of neurocranium

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15
Q

what are the bones that make up the calvaria?

A

frontal, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, and occipital

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16
Q

what are the 2 layers of the calvaria and what separates them?

A

inner thin layer and outer layer for protection.
separated by diploe

17
Q

diploe

A

spongy bone tissue with bone marrow an diploic veins

18
Q

frontal bone
Forms what 2 structures

A

forms forehead and superior rim of orbit
pneumatized bone

19
Q

parietal bone
single/paired & shape
forms _ and __ of cranium

A

paired quadrilateral bone
forms roots and sides of cranium

20
Q

occipital bone
has 4 parts
contains which main foramina that contains what main structure

A

has 4 parts: squamous, basilar, and 2 lateral parts
contains formane magnum where spinal cord passes through

21
Q

temporal bone
Paired or single /shape
Houses ___
Comp of 4 parts ____

A

paired, flat bone
houses ears
pneumatized bone
composed of 4 parts: squamous, zygoatic process, tympanic membrane and styloid, and petromastoid

22
Q

cranial base

A

floor of cranial cavity
has 2 surfaces: endocranium & external cranial base

23
Q

components of cranial base

A

sphenoid, ethmoid, occipital, frontal, and temporal

24
Q

viscerocranium

A

facial skeleton
all bones joined by synarthroses except mandible

25
ethmoid bone
separates nasal and cranial cavity pneumatized articulates with frontal and sphenoid bones
26
what is the superior projection of the ethmoid bone?
crista galli
27
what tunnel like structure are found on either side of the ethmoid bone?
cribiform plate
28
sphenoid bone composed of what 4 parts
pneumatized composed of: body, greater wing, lesser wing, and pterygoid process
29
what is the depression in the body of the sphenoid bone called and what does it contain?
sella turcica - houses pituitary gland
30
what nerve passes through the sphenoid bone?
the optic nerves pass through the optical canal of the sphenoid bone
31
zygomatic bone Shape / paired/single? Forms what 2 parts of orbit
irregular paired bone forms part of orbit's inferior and lateral rims
32
nasal bone Forms what structure of nose Articulates with which 2 structures
forms bridge of nose paired articulates with frontal bone and maxilla
33
maxilla Describe structure Composed of body & what 4 processes
large, paired bone pneumatized holds upper teeth composed of: body and 4 processes 4 processes: zygomatic, alveolar, palatine, and frontal
34
palatine bone
forms hard palate with maxila composed of 2 perpendicular plates: horizontal plate = hard palate vertical plate = lateral wall of nasal cavity
35
mandible forms what 2 facial structures paired/unpaired articulates with ___ through ____ joint 3 parts
large bone forming chin and jaw line unpaired articulates with temporal bone through temporomandibular joint (TMJ) holds lower teeth composed of: ramous, body, and alveolar processes `
36
bones of skull are connected through synarthrosis. state each synarthrosis and what 2 bones it connects
squamosal suture- temporal and parietal (STP) coronal suture - between frontal and parietal (CPF) lambdoidal suture- between occipital and parietal (LOP) sagittal suture- between the 2 parietal bones (SPP)
37
which bones exist singularly? frontal lacrimal parietal temporal sphenoid ethmoid occipital
frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, occipital