OUTDOOR ED EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

Define ecosystem

A

A community of interdependent species and their environment

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2
Q

Define biosphere

A

A place on the earths surface where life dwells, it includes three spheres the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.

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3
Q

Define nature

A

The living things, ecosystem and the processes that form them, and the places in which we find all of these

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4
Q

Define Mother Nature

A

A term that refers to the earths biosphere

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5
Q

Define urban built environment

A

Areas of permeant infrastructure designed to support higher populations densities such as cities and towns

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6
Q

Define wilderness

A

An environment that is big remote and relatively untouched by humans

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7
Q

Define protected areas

A

Places considered so significant for humans and for environment protection.

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8
Q

Define motivations

A

Is often described as the driving force or reasoning be hide a persons desire to do something

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9
Q

Define risk

A

The potential to lose something you value versus the possibly of gaining something you value

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10
Q

Define absolute risk

A

Upper most limit of risk

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11
Q

Define real risk

A

The amount of risk that actually exist at a given moment

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12
Q

Define perceived risk

A

Individual subjective assessment of the real risk present at any time

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13
Q

Define minimal impact

A

Leaving as little environmental impact as possible from the start of your trip to the end leaving no trace

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14
Q

Define experimental learning

A

Learning by doing, obtaining knowledge by participating In Outdoor environments and allowing us to develop a sense of place

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15
Q

Positives of urban built environments

A
Minimise some risk 
Less travel 
Enjoy all year round 
Improve fitness 
Socialise 
Affordable
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16
Q

Negatives of urban built environments

A

Don’t get to experience the real outdoors
Structure is different
Damage of environment

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17
Q

Importance and benefits of nature

A

Health: reduces stress, lets us relaxed and forget about the things we are worrying about, makes you wanting to be motivated keeping fit and experiencing new things

Social: being out and about increases your social life being with people doing outdoor activities

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18
Q

Motives for participating in outdoor experiences

A

Cognitive rewards
Stimulus avoidance
Socialisation
Competence and mastery

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19
Q

Cognitive reward

A

Mental rewards we get for partaking in outdoor experiences

  • being the first to achieve a task
  • building strength
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20
Q

Stimulus avoidance

A

Negative reinforcement. This is where we do something because it helps us avoid something else

  • health and well being
  • doing things on our own
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21
Q

Socialisation

A

Social benefits we get for participating in outdoor environments

  • sharing nature with others
  • personal and social development
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22
Q

Competence and mastery

A

Being the first to achieve something
Building strength through participating
Setting a record

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23
Q

Types of outdoor environments

A

Alpine
Grassland
Coastal
Heathlands

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24
Q

Alpine environment and location

A

Is often used to describe high mountain areas

Location northeast of the state

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25
Q

Alpine facts & animals

A

0.5 per cent of vic is treeless
Climate conditions are harsh

Wombats

26
Q

Grasslands environments and location

A

A big open area of country land covered in grass

Western part of the state

27
Q

Grassland facts & animals

A

10% of state if covered in tree and shrub
Vic grasslands are now threatened

Snakes

28
Q

Coastal environment and location

A

Exposed to a large area of water

Southern parts

29
Q

Coastal facts and animals

A

Most have been reserved as public land
Urban developments are there biggest threat

Dolphins and seals

30
Q

Heathland environment and location

A

Coastal areas of sandy and low fertile soil

Northern and western parts

31
Q

Heathland facts and animals

A

Fire is a dangerous threat
Support more than 80 species

Ground parrots and lorikeets

32
Q

Flow model

A
Anxiety 
Arousal 
Flow 
Control 
Relaxation 
Boredom 
Apathy 
Worry
33
Q

Explain flow model

A

That people are at their happiest when they are fully and completely engaged in activity, being completely involved in an activity for its own sake

34
Q

Types of response

A

Positive and negative

35
Q

Positive

Awe

Example and link

A

Awe: is a feeling of wonder or admiration for an outdoor environment

Example: I am in awe of this place because it is so beautiful and I am wanting to stay more

Link: revisit the environment

36
Q

Positive appreciation

A

Is the value and significance of an outdoor environment

Example: appreciating the view from a look out, it makes me appreciate our land

37
Q

Negatives

Fear

Example and link

A

Is an unpleasant feeling resulting from a belief that something about an outdoor experience is dangerous

Example: fear of water or heights

Link: going to freak out

38
Q

Negative

Curiosity

Example and link

A

Is a feeling of wanting to know more about an outdoor environment in more detail

Example: is the event or trip planned

Link: stressed, loss of confidence

39
Q

Factors that influence personal responses

A

As we age

  • mature
  • appreciate more
  • physical ability
  • experience

As society changes

  • perceptions of others
  • fear of outdoors
  • follow the government
40
Q

Adventure experience Paradigm

A
Devastation and disaster 
Misadventure 
Peak adventure 
Adventure 
Exploration and experimentation
41
Q

Strategies for planning safe and sustainable interactions with the outdoors

A

Geographic location- time of year, water supplies
Route planning - making sure everyone is capable for completing the task
Managing risk

42
Q

Ways in which people experience and respond to outdoor environments

A

As a resource
For recreation
As a spiritual connection
As a study site

43
Q

As a resource

A

Resource can be described as something from the environment that supplies, support and aids humans in some way

44
Q

For recreation

A

Recreation is typically characterised by the goals of fun, pleasure and adventure

45
Q

As a spiritual connection

A

Taking time out from the city and everyday life to be amongst nature and reconnecting with the natural world

46
Q

As a study site

A

Investigation and other activities occur in the pursuit of knowledge

47
Q

Environmental and nature history

A

Land formations, climate, and whether events that make changes to the landscape and the animals that inhabit it

48
Q

Ecological perspectives

A

The science that exists with in the different ecosystems along with interrelationships of all loving organisms

Example: biologist and scientist

49
Q

Social perspective

A

Human interaction with the environment, refers to the actions of society or a community.

Example: bush walking clubs and scouts

50
Q

Economic perspectives

A

What the natural environment can hold in terms of resources and Income opportunities, linked to profit

Example: tourism, farming, fishing

51
Q

What makes a location considered an outdoor environment

A

The structure and layer of the outdoors and the organism that make up the population

52
Q

Factors that affect access to the kinds of outdoor experiences

A
SES status 
Age 
Gender 
Physical ability 
Cultural background
53
Q

Define SES

How does a persons SES status effect their participation in the outdoors

A

Can be described as an individual’s or family’s economic and social position in relation to others based upon income, education and occupation

LOW SES- lower income lower, levels of education, fewer employment levels

HIGH SES- higher income, higher education, more employment options

54
Q

Define Cultural background

How does a persons Cultural background effect their participation in the outdoors

A

Affects who we are, how we think and behave and how we learn and respond to the environment

Talk about the Muslims

55
Q

Define Age

How does a persons age effect their participation in the outdoors

A

Total age of a person

Due to natural ageing some outdoor experiences are not suitable for older generation

56
Q

Define Gender

How does a persons gender effect their participation in the outdoors

A

Is a range of physical, mental and behavioural characteristics that allow us to know if it is a male of female

Tend to be more focused on make outdoor experiences, making females think they can’t achieve what males can do

57
Q

Define physical ability

How does a persons Physical ability effect their participation in the outdoors

A

The ability to perform some physical act, contrasting with mental ability

Huge impact on accessing outdoors, depends on type of physical ability, some may be near impossible.

(Deaf, blind and amputee)

58
Q

Relevant technologies and their affects on the outdoors

A

Communication devices such as GPS, radios, smart phones, Nav systems and clothing

They have helped unskilled individuals to partake I. Outdoor experiences with more confidence. But technology has also deskilled many adventurers by relying to much on technology

59
Q

Motivations for participating in outdoor experiences

Intrinsic and extrinsic

A

Intrinsic- is motivations we get from within ourselves

Extrinsic - is motivations we get from outside ourselves, which are external to us

60
Q

Media portrayals of the outdoors

A

To sell a place - advertising and marketing
To inform- news paper and magazines
To understand and develop knowledge- understanding and developing knowledge
To challenge - film and television
To scare - creating fear