Outcome E

Question 0

Heterotrophs

Answer 0

Organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things

Question 1

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 1

A compound that cells use to store and release energy

Question 2

Autotrophs

Answer 2

Organisms that make their own food

Question 3

Photosynthesis

Answer 3

Process by which autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to produce high-energy carbohydrates (sugars and starches) that can be used as food

Question 4

Pigments

Answer 4

Molecules that absorb light and gather the sun’s energy

Question 5

Chlorophyll

Answer 5

Plants’ principal pigment

Question 6

Thylakoids

Answer 6

Sac-like photosynthetic membranes in chloroplasts

Question 7

Stroma

Answer 7

The fluid portion of chloroplasts

Question 8

NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)

Answer 8

A carrier molecule compound

Question 9

Light-dependent reactions

Answer 9

First set of reactions in photosynthesis

Question 10

Light-independent reactions

Answer 10

ATP and NADPH molecules in the light-dependent reactions that are used to produce high-energy sugars from carbon dioxide

Question 11

Photosystems

Answer 11

Thylakoids that contain clusters of chlorophyll and proteins

Question 12

Electron transport chain

Answer 12

Series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP generating reactions

Question 13

ATP synthase

Answer 13

Protein in the thylakoid membrane that spans the membrane and allows H+ ions to pass through it

Question 14

Calvin cycle

Answer 14

When plants use the energy that ATP and NADPH contain to build stable high-energy carbohydrate compounds that can be stored for a long time

Question 15

Calorie

Answer 15

Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius

Question 16

Cellular respiration

Answer 16

A food process that organisms can obtain energy from

Question 17

Aerobic

Answer 17

Pathways of cellular respiration that require oxygen

Question 18

Anaerobic

Answer 18

Pathways of cellular respiration that don’t require oxygen

Question 19

Glycolysis

Answer 19

First set of reactions in cellular respiration

Question 20

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)

Answer 20

Electron carrier

Question 21

Krebs cycle

Answer 21

Second stage of cellular respiration where the pyrovic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide

Question 22

Matrix

Answer 22

Innermost compartment of the mitochondrion and the site of the Krebs cycle reaction

Question 23

Fermentation

Answer 23

Combined process of this pathway and glycolysis