Outcome 5 Flashcards
What is the purpose of the radiation safety manual?
- it provides written communication to outline radiation safety procedures and the limits
- this proves to CNSC that proper radiation protection program is being followed
What are the requirements of a radiation safety manual?
- has to be accessible to workers
- prepared, updated and revised by RSO
- must be approved by senior management
What can be found in the radiation safety manual? (Table of contents)
- alara policy
- action levels
- worker training/authorization
- designation of nuclear workers
- designation, posting and decommissioning of rooms and access
- control of nuclear substances
- procedures for radioactive waste handling and disposal (receiving, transporting and packaging)
- radioactive contamination control and procedures
- maintenance and use of radiation detection equipment
- emergency procedures
- records and reporting systems
What are action levels?
- specific dose of radiation, that if reached, may indicate a loss of control of a part of a licensee’s radiation protection program—triggers a requirement for a specific action to take place
How are action levels developed?
- developed when applying for a license
- developed using historical data (or reference from a comparable facility
- must be useful and credible
- supported by a monitoring program
What are some examples of action levels?
- ambient dose rate
- loading or concentration
- individual quantity of radiation received
- ventilation rates
- emission/discharge rate
- surface contamination
What happens when an action level is reached?
- investigations to find out why
- identify and take action to restore effectiveness of the radiation protection program
- notify commission within period specified on the license (within 21 days)
What are Action Levels at SAIT?
- Ambient dose rate = ______
- contamination monitoring = _______
- dose limits = _______
- hand monitoring = _______
- Ambient dose rate = 1 uSv/hr above background
-Contamination monitoring - class a: 0.3 Bq/cm^2
class b: 3 Bq/cm^2
class c: 30 Bq/cm^2 - dose limits = instructors - 1 mSv/yr; students - 0.5 mSv/6 months or 1 mSv/yr
- hand monitoring = >background
When are action levels not needed?
- when you can prove to the CNSC that your occupational doses are unlikely to exceed 1 mSv/yr
- when the dose to the public is unlikely to exceed 50 uSv/yr
- the annual collective dose (occ. + public) is unlikely to exceed 1 Sv
What is an example of an action level for a NEW’s EDL?
1 mSv/yr
When you inform a worker of their NEW status, what does that mean?
- that they will be working with radiation
- you have to let them know the risks associated with it/possible exposures
- what their effective dose limits would be
- what typical dose levels of NEW in that area are
- what their rights and obligations are (pregnant NEW)
How long are proof of adequate training records kept for?
3 years in the employee’s file after termination
What are basic training course topics are required?
- intro to radiation and its sources
- fundamentals of radiation
- personal and survey meters
- radiation exposure
- radiation protection
- radiation safety program
What are some additional training that a NEW can have?
- TDG
- WHMIS certification
- RSO training
When are personnel radiation dose monitoring required?
When there is a reasonable probability of the NEW receiving an effective dose greater than 5 mSv in a one year dosimetry period
how do you monitoring external doses received? internal doses?
external - personal dosimeters (CNSC certified = TLD and OSLD)
internal - thyroid screening and bioassay programs
What shouldn’t you expose your dosimeter to?
- high temperatures
- water
- direct sunlight or fluorescent light
How do you properly wear your dosimeter? extremity dosimeters?
between your neck and waist area
extremity dosimeters - worn facing the source of radiation
How do temporary dosimeters work?
they are typically for visitors/temporary personnel
- readings are taken before and after
When are personal external exposure dosimeters exchanged? why?
quarterly – this is because we want to know sooner than later what our received dosage is
What kind of style of OSLD/TLD is used for whole body and skin dose readings?
badge style
When are finger/ring dosimeters used?
if more than 50 MBq of high energy BETA sources are handled
What is the difference between TLD and OSLD?
What happens in the dosimeters?
TLD - requires heat to release the electron
OSLD - requires light energy
when the electron drops back to stable state, it’ll give off light, which is what is being read – this will tell us how much dose was absorbed
What is the standard curve?
total area under the glow curve vs. standard absorbed doses
