outcome 3.1

Question 1

Explain the following term, relating to gene mutations.

what are a Substitutions

Answer 1

The inappropriate replacement of one or more bases, that might or might not result in the production of a new amino acid or protein.

Question 2

Explain the following term, relating to gene mutations.

what are a Deletions

Answer 2

The removal of one or more bases, which may change the amino acids produced and hence the function of the resulting protein.

Question 3

Explain the following term, relating to gene mutations.

what is a Insertions

Answer 3

The insertion of a base or bases that can change the amino acids and the protein’s function.

Question 4

Explain the following term, relating to gene mutations.

what is Silent Mutation

Answer 4

Silent mutations are mutations in DNA that do not have an observable effect on the organism’s phenotype.

Question 5

Explain the following term, relating to gene mutations.

what is Missense Mutations

Answer 5

a form of point mutation resulting in a codon that codes for a different amino acid, and thus, causes the synthesis of a protein with an altered amino acid sequence during translation.

Question 6

Explain the following term, relating to gene mutations.

what are Nonsense Mutations

Answer 6

is a change in DNA that causes a protein to terminate or end its translation earlier than expected.

Question 7

Describe the following chromosome mutations

Duplication

Answer 7

when a portion of chromosome gets replicated, resulting in two copies of the identical region on the new chromosome

Question 8

Describe the following chromosome mutations

Deletion

Answer 8

A chromosomal segment is removed or lost.

Question 9

Describe the following chromosome mutations

Inversion

Answer 9

When a chromosomal fragment is rotated around

Question 10

Describe the following chromosome mutations

Translocation

Answer 10

when various chromosomal fragments are transmitted to each other