Epigenetics 2.3

Question 1

are Epigenome Fixed for life?

Answer 1

no

Question 2

are genome fixed for life

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

Can genomes and epigenomes cause disease?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

can genomes be Changed by environmental factors?

Answer 4

no but epigeomes can

Question 5

can genomes be Affected by such as stress/poverty/famine/ pollutants?

Answer 5

no but epigenomes can

Question 6

will the epigenomes of Identical twins at 50 years old will be same/similar?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

What is a histone and what does it do?

Answer 7

DNA is coiled around a protein known as Histones; histones are the primary section that makes up chromatin. The DNA and Histones are covered with chemical tags (This layer is called the epigenome).

Question 8

Describe DNA methylation and its effect on the gene

Answer 8

DNA methylation controls gene expression by attracting proteins implicated in gene repression or preventing transcription factor(s) from binding to DNA. This is done by it being tightly wrapped around inactive genes, making them unreadable resulting in RNA polymeraseis being prevented from transcribing the gene.

Question 9

Name three different examples of factors that might affect your epigenome

Answer 9

Diet, stress and environmental pollutants

Question 10

What does the Epigenome do?

Answer 10

the epigenetic tags respond to signals in the outside environment, the Epigenome adjusts certain genes to react to the environment.

Question 11

What do Histomes do?

Answer 11

It is responsible for the physical structure of the genome

It is tightly wrapped around inactive genes, making them unreadable.

It relaxes around active genes, to allow them to be accessible.