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9 science-- space > our solar system > Flashcards

our solar system Flashcards

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1
Q

name the largest => smallest

A

universe, supercluster, group / cluster, galaxy, star

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2
Q

what is a universe?

A

everything that physically exists, the entirety of space and time, and all forms of matter and energy

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3
Q

what is a supercluster?

A

a gigantic cluster of 4-25 groups / clusters that are hundreds of millions of light years in size

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4
Q

what is a group / cluster?

A

groups or clusters can be as little of 20-30 galaxies or as large as several thousand galaxies

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5
Q

which is more massive: cluster or group?

A

cluster

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6
Q

what is a galaxy?

A

a collection of stars, planets, gases and dust held together by gravity

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7
Q

what is a solar system?

A

the sun with all the planets and other celestial objects held together by the sun’s gravity and orbit around it

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8
Q

what is a celestial object?

A

any objects that exist in space

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9
Q

what is a star (sun)?

A

a hot ball of gases that gives off large amount of energy

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10
Q

what is a planet?

A

a large round object that orbits around one or more stars

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11
Q

a planet has enough ____ so that gravity pulls it into a _____ shape

A

mass / round

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12
Q

a planet clears other celestial objects out of its _____

A

orbit

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13
Q

what are the 4 inner planets?

A

mercury, venus, earth, mars

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14
Q

what are the 4 outer planets?

A

jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune

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15
Q

what are the inner planets made of?

A

rock

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16
Q

what are the outer planets made of?

A

gases

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17
Q

what is a dwarf planet?

A

a spherical or round object that orbits a star

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18
Q

a dwarf planet has enough ____ to assume a nearly ____ shape

A

mass / round

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19
Q

a dwarf planet has not cleared the ________ around its ____

A

neighbourhood / orbit

20
Q

is a dwarf planet a moon?

A

no

21
Q

what are some examples of small solar system bodies?

A

asteroids, comets, Kuiper belt, Oort cloud

22
Q

asteroids are left over from the _____ of the solar system

A

formation

23
Q

asteroids originated from the ______ between Mars and Jupiter

A

asteroid belt

24
Q

how do asteroids orbit the sun?

A

in a circular formation

25
Q

what are asteroids made up of?

A

metals and rocky material

26
Q

do asteroids have a “tail”?

A

no

27
Q

asteroids come in different _____ and _____

A

shapes / sizes

28
Q

asteroids can tell us the estimated age of the ____ _____

A

solar system

29
Q

what is an asteroid belt?

A

a region of rocky debris that forms a ring all the way around the sun, between Mars and Jupiter

30
Q

what is a meteoroid?

A

pieces of rock moving through space / rocky chunks that have broken off asteroids and planets

31
Q

what are meteors?

A

meteoroids that hit the Earth’s atmosphere, burning up due to friction

32
Q

what are meteorites?

A

large meteors that reach the ground without burning up

33
Q

where do comets originate?

A

Kuiper Belt or Oort Cloud

34
Q

what sort of orbit do comets have?

A

elliptical

35
Q

what are comets made of?

A

ice, dust and rocky material

36
Q

when will the comet’s ice vaporize?

A

when it is close to the sun

37
Q

what causes the comet’s “tail”?

A

release of dust and gas

38
Q

what is a Trans-Neptunian object?

A

objects that circle the sun beyond the orbit of Neptune

39
Q

where are Trans-Neptunian objects located?

A

in the Kuiper Belt

40
Q

what is the Kuiper Belt made of?

A

materials left over from the formation of the solar system

41
Q

what is the Kuiper Belt?

A

a disc shaped region of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune

42
Q

what is the Oort Cloud?

A

a spherical cloud of small icy fragments of debris at the very edge of our solar system

43
Q

what is an Astronomical Unit (AU)?

A

the average distance between the Earth and the Sun

44
Q

what is one AU equal to?

A

150 000 000 km

45
Q

what is a light year?

A

the distance light travels in one year

46
Q

what do light years do?

A

tell us how far away an object is and how much time has passed since the light we see left the object

9 science-- space (6 decks)

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