Ottawa Charter for health promotion Flashcards
What is health promotion?
Health promotion is any effort to enhance positive health and prevent ill health, through overlapping spheres of health education, health prevention and health protection.
What are some examples of positive health education?
Oral hygiene instructions, life skills, empowerment, education.
What are some examples of preventative health education?
Water fluoridation, fissure sealants, smoking cessation, fluoride services, alcohol cessation and reduction and immunisation.
What are some examples of positive health protection?
Educating policy makers, mass media campaigns
What are examples of health protection?
PH treaty, national policies, laws, workplace smoking policy, healthy eating policy, junk food and food advertising policies.
Protection and prevention?
Water fluoridation and seat belts
Health prevention examples?
Lobbying for legislation and licensing
What is the accumulation of healthy public policy x health education?
Health promotion
What is the Ottawa Charter’s definition of health promotion?
The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health
What is the definition of health education?
The sum of total of all influences that collectively determine the knowledge, belief and behaviour related to the promotion, maintenance and restoration of health in individuals and communities with the main function to raise consciousness.
WHO definition of health education?
Opportunities for creating, learning aimed at a health related goal - cognitive, affective and behavioural.
Four principles of health education
1) Community and self empowerment
2) Healthy public policy
3) Environment and social circumstances
4) Equity fair distribution and resources
What are the 5 principles of the Ottawa Charter?
1) Building healthy public policies
2) Creating a supportive environment
3) Strengthening community action
4) Developing personal skills
5) Reorienting health services
What is building healthy public policies?
- Impact of public policies on health from all sectors at all levels
- Legislation, fiscal measures, taxation and organisational changes
- Making a healthier choice easier
Examples of healthy public policies
No smoking policy, healthy eating policy, seat belt law, water fluoridation
What is creating a supportive environment?
Establishment of a social, economic and legislative environment that is conducive to health.
Making healthier choices easier
Examples of creating a supportive environment
Smoke free, stress free environments, safe buildings, playgrounds, availability of healthy foods, exercise and changing facilities.
What is strengthening community action?
Participation in setting priorities, making decisions, planning strategies and implementing them to achieve better health.
Work together on community issues of common concern
Requires full and continuous access to information, learning opportunities for health and funding support.
Examples of strengthening community action
Jamie Oliver’s healthy eating campaign, pressure groups, community development groups
What is developing personal skills?
Education, information, empowerment, enhancing life skills, enable to take control over their own health and their own health and over their environment.
Ability to make choices that are conducive to health
Examples of developing personal skills
OHI, brushing for life campaigns, school based health education programmes.
What is reorienting health services?
Move beyond providing clinical and curative services
Address health needs and move towards the goal of health gain (upstream)
Sensitive to social, psychological and cultural needs
Encourage acceptance by those whose needs are the greatest
Examples of reorienting health services
Any initiatives that reorientate towards health promotion and disease prevention, improve access and health gain.
