Ottawa Charter for health promotion

Question 1

What is health promotion?

Answer 1

Health promotion is any effort to enhance positive health and prevent ill health, through overlapping spheres of health education, health prevention and health protection.

Question 2

What are some examples of positive health education?

Answer 2

Oral hygiene instructions, life skills, empowerment, education.

Question 3

What are some examples of preventative health education?

Answer 3

Water fluoridation, fissure sealants, smoking cessation, fluoride services, alcohol cessation and reduction and immunisation.

Question 4

What are some examples of positive health protection?

Answer 4

Educating policy makers, mass media campaigns

Question 5

What are examples of health protection?

Answer 5

PH treaty, national policies, laws, workplace smoking policy, healthy eating policy, junk food and food advertising policies.

Question 6

Protection and prevention?

Answer 6

Water fluoridation and seat belts

Question 7

Health prevention examples?

Answer 7

Lobbying for legislation and licensing

Question 8

What is the accumulation of healthy public policy x health education?

Answer 8

Health promotion

Question 9

What is the Ottawa Charter’s definition of health promotion?

Answer 9

The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health

Question 10

What is the definition of health education?

Answer 10

The sum of total of all influences that collectively determine the knowledge, belief and behaviour related to the promotion, maintenance and restoration of health in individuals and communities with the main function to raise consciousness.

Question 11

WHO definition of health education?

Answer 11

Opportunities for creating, learning aimed at a health related goal - cognitive, affective and behavioural.

Question 12

Four principles of health education

Answer 12

1) Community and self empowerment
2) Healthy public policy
3) Environment and social circumstances
4) Equity fair distribution and resources

Question 13

What are the 5 principles of the Ottawa Charter?

Answer 13

1) Building healthy public policies
2) Creating a supportive environment
3) Strengthening community action
4) Developing personal skills
5) Reorienting health services

Question 14

What is building healthy public policies?

Answer 14

• Impact of public policies on health from all sectors at all levels
• Legislation, fiscal measures, taxation and organisational changes
• Making a healthier choice easier

Question 15

Examples of healthy public policies

Answer 15

No smoking policy, healthy eating policy, seat belt law, water fluoridation

Question 16

What is creating a supportive environment?

Answer 16

Establishment of a social, economic and legislative environment that is conducive to health.
Making healthier choices easier

Question 17

Examples of creating a supportive environment

Answer 17

Smoke free, stress free environments, safe buildings, playgrounds, availability of healthy foods, exercise and changing facilities.

Question 18

What is strengthening community action?

Answer 18

Participation in setting priorities, making decisions, planning strategies and implementing them to achieve better health.
Work together on community issues of common concern
Requires full and continuous access to information, learning opportunities for health and funding support.

Question 19

Examples of strengthening community action

Answer 19

Jamie Oliver’s healthy eating campaign, pressure groups, community development groups

Question 20

What is developing personal skills?

Answer 20

Education, information, empowerment, enhancing life skills, enable to take control over their own health and their own health and over their environment.
Ability to make choices that are conducive to health

Question 21

Examples of developing personal skills

Answer 21

OHI, brushing for life campaigns, school based health education programmes.

Question 22

What is reorienting health services?

Answer 22

Move beyond providing clinical and curative services
Address health needs and move towards the goal of health gain (upstream)
Sensitive to social, psychological and cultural needs
Encourage acceptance by those whose needs are the greatest

Question 23

Examples of reorienting health services

Answer 23

Any initiatives that reorientate towards health promotion and disease prevention, improve access and health gain.