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5_Paeds > Otitis Media > Flashcards

Otitis Media Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of otitis media?

A

A group of infective and inflammatory conditions that affect the middle ear

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2
Q

What is the peak age of incidence of otitis media?

A

6-15 months

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3
Q

What % of episodes of otitis media occur in <10 y/os?

A

75%

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4
Q

What are the different types of otitis media?

A

Acute otitis media
Otitis media w/ effusion
Chronic supparative otitis media
Mastoiditis

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5
Q

What is the definition of acute otitis media?

A

Acute inflammation of the middle ear

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6
Q

What is the definition of otitis media w/ effusion?

A

Chronic inflammatory condition w/o acute inflammation

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7
Q

What is the pathophysiology of otitis media?

A

Infecting organisms from a URTI get transmitted through the Eustachian tube to the middle ear because there is a more open angle between the tube and the pharynx

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8
Q

What are the most common bacterial pathogens responsible for otitis media?

A

Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Moraxella catarrhalis
Streptococcus pyogenes

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9
Q

What are the most common viral pathogens responsible for otitis media?

A

RSV

Rhinovirus

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10
Q

What are the risk factors for otitis media?

A 
Younger age
Male sex
Smoking in household
Craniofacial abnormalities
Formula feeding
Daycare/nursery attendance
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11
Q

What is the presentation of otitis media?

A 
Ear pain
Fever
Malaise, irritability, poor feeding etc.
Coryza
Red &amp; bulging tympanic membrane
Discharge in external canal - acute perforation of eardrum
Possible co-existing URTI
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12
Q

What is the role of investigations in otitis media?

A

Generally no investigations are required

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13
Q

What is involved in the management of otitis media?

A

Paracetamol/ibuprofen for pain & fever

Abx

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14
Q

What is the indication of Abx in otitis media?

A

Systemically unwell
Symptoms >4 days
Perforation/discharge

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15
Q

What Abx can be used in the management of otitis media?

A

Amoxicillin

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16
Q

What are the possible complications of otitis media?

A

Otitis media w/ effusion

Perforation –> chronic suppurative otitis media

17
Q

In what age group does otitis media w/ effusion occur?

A

2-7 y/os

18
Q

What are the features of otitis media w/ effusion?

A

Asymptomatic
Decreased hearing
Dull and retracted eardrum w/ glue-like fluid behind
Usually resolves spontaneously

19
Q

How is otitis media w/ effusion treated?

A

Grommet insertion

20
Q

What is the prognosis of otitis media?

A

Complications are generally rare as most cases resolve spontaneously

5_Paeds (18 decks)

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