Acute Epiglottitis* Flashcards
What is the definition of acute epiglottitis?
A life threatening condition where there is inflammation and intense swelling of the epiglottis
Why is acute epiglottitis life-threatening?
Due to high risk of airway obstruction
How many children does acute epiglottitis affect?
1-4 in 100,000
In what age group is acute epiglottitis more common?
1-6y/o
What is the main pathogen that causes acute epiglottitis?
Haemophilus influenza type B
What are the other pathogens that can cause acute epiglottitis?
Streptococcus spp.
Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas etc.
HSV with bacterial superinfection
What is the presentation of acute epiglottitis?
High fever
V. painful throat that makes it difficult to speak/swallow –> drooling saliva
Soft inspiratory stridor
What is the classical position that an infant with acute epiglottitis may be in?
Sitting upright
Outstretched arms
Mouth open to optimise airway
What investigation should be avoided if risk of obstructed airway in acute epiglottitis?
Tongue depressor
What is the gold standard investigation for acute epiglottitis?
Fibre optic laryngoscopy
In theatres with intubation equipment in case of airway obstruction
What is the conservative option for acute epiglottitis?
IV/oral Abx
What is part of the emergency referral in the event of a suspected diagnosis of acute epiglottitis?
Senior anaesthetist
Paediatrican
ENT surgeon
ICU
How would you ensure a patent airway in acute epiglottitis?
Intubation
Tracheostomy
