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3. Psychotherapy > Other therapeutic models > Flashcards

Other therapeutic models Flashcards

1
Q

Length of course of interpersonal therapy

A

12 - 16 sessions

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2
Q

Key figures in interpersonal therapy

A

Klerman and Weissman

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3
Q

Four areas of focus for interpersonal therapy

A

Role transitions e.g. new job, new relationship
Interpersonal disputes
Grief
Interpersonal deficits e.g. lack of social relationships

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4
Q

Conditions interpersonal therapy is used for

A

Bulimia
Depression

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5
Q

Key figure in dialectical behavioural therapy

A

Marsha Lineham

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6
Q

Condition DBT was developed for

A

Borderline personality disorder

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7
Q

Four modes of DBT

A

Group skills training
Individual therapy
Phone consultations
Consultation team

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8
Q

Four key techniques in DBT

A

Distress tolerance
Interpersonal effectiveness
Core mindfulness
Emotional regulation

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9
Q

Key figure in cognitive analytic therapy

A

Anthony Ryle

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10
Q

Therapy which describes ‘traps’, ‘dilemmas’ and ‘snags’

A

Cognitive analytic therapy

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11
Q

Two key theories behind cognitive analytic therapy

A

Procedural sequence model
Role repertoires

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12
Q

Theory within cognitive analytic therapy that aims to understand why people repeatedly do things which are harmful

A

Procedural sequence model

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13
Q

Theory within cognitive analytic therapy which looks at the restrictions that can occur in what kinds of actions people take as a result of childhood experiences

A

Role repertoire

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14
Q

Description of ‘traps’ within cognitive analytic therapy

A

Negative assumptions which lead to the patient taking actions which will cause the negative assumption to come true, therefore reinforcing it

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15
Q

Example of a trap within cognitive analytic therapy

A

Someone thinks their friends are not interested in them. They avoid contact with their friends which leads to their friends putting less effort into the relationship, reinforcing their idea that their friends aren’t interested

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16
Q

Description of ‘dilemmas’ within cognitive analytic therapy

A

Thinking that there are only two polarised options for actions to take

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17
Q

Example of a dilemma within cognitive analytic therapy

A

Someone believes their only options at work are to work many hours a week overtime, or to do as little work as possible

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18
Q

Description of ‘snags’ within cognitive analytic therapy

A

Appropriate goals or roles that the patient does not carry through because they think it is not allowed, or that other people would not approve

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19
Q

Example of a snag within cognitive analytic therapy

A

Someone thinking they cannot move out of their parents’ house as an adult because their parents would feel abandoned

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20
Q

Number of treatment sessions for cognitive analytic therapy

A

16 - 24

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21
Q

Three phases within a course cognitive analytic therapy

A

Initial - exploring traps, snags and dilemmas
Middle - working through problems with use of diagrams
End - both patient and therapist write goodbye letters

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22
Q

Key figure in transactional analysis

A

Eric Berne

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23
Q

Key idea within transactional analysis

A

There are three ego-states that people commonly use

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24
Q

Three ego-states seen according to transactional analysis

A

Parent - can be criticising or nurtering
Adult - being objective and rational
Child - being spontaneous, emotional and creative

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25
Q

Key figure in client centred therapy

A

Carl Rogers

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26
Q

Role of the therapist within client centred therapy

A

To be non-directive and allow the patient to resolve their own difficulties
To be non-judgemental and positively regard the patient

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27
Q

Type of therapy which uses ‘unconditional positive regard’

A

Client centred therapy

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28
Q

Type of therapy which looks at the ‘notion of self concept’

A

Client centred therapy

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29
Q

Type of therapy which the Q sort technique evolved from

A

Client centred therapy

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30
Q

Key figures in gestalt therapy

A

Perls and Goodman

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31
Q

Four key aspects of gestalt therapy

A

Phenomenological method
Dialogical relationship
Field-theoretical strategies
Experiental freedom

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32
Q

Description of the phenomenological method within gestalt therapy

A

Tries to increase the patient’s awareness through repeated observations and enquiry

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33
Q

Description of the dialogical relationship within gestalt therapy

A

Both the therapist and patient create space to be ‘present’

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34
Q

Description of field-theoretical strategies within gestalt therapy

A

Look at the physical and environmental situation of the patient how their mental processes relate to this

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35
Q

Description of experiental freedom within gestalt therapy

A

Acting on trying new things rather than just talking about it

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36
Q

Key figures in mentalisation based therapy

A

Bateman and Fonagy

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37
Q

Type of therapy which evolved from attachment theory

A

Mentalisation based therapy

38
Q

Description of mentalising within mentalisation therapy

A

The ability to your own and other people’s actions and emotional states as important

39
Q

Differences between mentalisation therapy and psychodynamic therapy

A

Mentalisation therapy more focused on the present
Mentalisation therapy more focused on conscious thoughts rather than unconscious in psychodynamic therapy
In mentalisation therapy the therapist only discusses ideas that are slightly outwith the patient’s current thinking, and avoids emotional ideas which are too complex

40
Q

Type of therapy which creates a ‘transitional area of relatedness’ in order to train thoughts and emotions

A

Mentalisation based therapy

41
Q

Key figure behind eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing

A

Shapiro

42
Q

Key figure behind eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing

A

Shapiro

43
Q

Hypotheses behind EMDR

A

REM sleep helps process unconscious material
Reproducing REM type eye movements while awake can have the same effect

44
Q

Original patient group who used EMDR

A

Vietnam war veterans with PTSD

45
Q

Key figures associated with the transtheoretical model of change

A

Prochaska and DiClemente

46
Q

Five common processes of change identified by Prochaska and DiClemente when they analysed different psychotherapy models

A

Consciousness raising
Choosing
Catharsis
Conditional stimuli
Contingency control

47
Q

Description of consciousness raising as described by Prochaska and DiClemente

A

Helping the patient become more aware of themselves and their problem behaviours

48
Q

Description of choosing as described by Prochaska and DiClemente

A

Becoming aware of healthier alternate behaviours

49
Q

Description of catharsis as described by Prochaska and DiClemente

A

Expressing the problem behaviour and process of change and being allowed an emotional response

50
Q

Description of conditional stimuli as described by Prochaska and DiClemente

A

Avoiding stimuli associated with the problem behaviour or training healthier behaviours in response to the stimulus

51
Q

Description of contingency control as described by Prochaska and DiClemente

A

Positive reinforcement from others or self reinforcement in response to the healthier behaviours

52
Q

Six stages of change within the transtheoretical model of change

A

Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Relapse

53
Q

Stage of change within the transtheoretical model where the patient does not see their behaviour as problematic

A

Precontemplation

54
Q

Stage of change within the transtheoretical model where the patient is aware their behaviour is problematic and is weighing up pros and cons of changing the behaviour

A

Contemplation

55
Q

Stage of change within the transtheoretical model where the patient has decided to change their problem behaviour but has not begun the change

A

Preparation

56
Q

Stage of change within the transtheoretical model where the patient is actively changing their problematic behaviour

A

Action

57
Q

Stage of change within the transtheoretical model where the patient has changed their problem behaviour and avoided the behaviour for a length of time

A

Maintenance

58
Q

Stage of change within the transtheoretical model where the patient reverts back to their problem behaviour, having made a change

A

Relapse

59
Q

Key figures in motivational interviewing

A

Miller and Rollnick

60
Q

Type of therapy which aims to evaluate how ready a patient is to make a change in their behaviour, and try to reduce their ambivalence about making the change

A

Motivational interviewing

61
Q

Five principles of motivational interviewing

A

Show empathy
Develop discrepancy - help the patient see the gap between their current behaviour and their desired behaviour
Avoid argumentation
Roll with resistance
Support self efficacy

62
Q

Condition behavioural couples therapy is used for

A

Alcoholism

63
Q

Description of the ‘sobriety contract’ within behavioural couples therapy

A

Each day the patient states to their partner that they intend not to drink alcohol that day
The partner then expresses their support for this

64
Q

Type of therapy which uses the idea of ‘catch your partner doing something nice’

A

Behavioural couples therapy

65
Q

Strategies used within acceptance and commitment therapy

A

Acceptance
Cognitive defusion
Contact with the present moment
Self-as-context
Values
Committed action

66
Q

Description of the acceptance strategy used in acceptance and commitment therapy

A

Being non-judgemental to thoughts, feelings and sensations as they come up

67
Q

Description of the cognitive defusion strategy used in acceptance and commitment therapy

A

Stepping back to observe thoughts, without carrying out actions which would reinforce the thoughts

68
Q

Description of the contact with the present moment strategy used in acceptance and commitment therapy

A

Using mindfulness to experience the present

69
Q

Description of the self-as-context strategy used in acceptance and commitment therapy

A

Helping to disentangle the patient’s identity from a single thought

70
Q

Description of the values strategy used in acceptance and commitment therapy

A

Encouraging patients to explore their values and deeper sense of purpose

71
Q

Description of the committed action strategy used in acceptance and commitment therapy

A

Helping patients move in a positive direction but accepting they will still experience negative emotions or difficult thoughts

72
Q

Type of therapy where the therapist avoids literal language and uses metaphors

A

Acceptance and commitment therapy

73
Q

Key figures behind mindfulness based cognitive therapy

A

Segal and Teasdale

74
Q

Condition mindfulness based cognitive therapy was developed for

A

Repeated episodes of depression

75
Q

Three part structure of mindfulness based cognitive therapy

A

8 weeks of mindfulness classes
Education classes learning about depression
Cognitive therapy exercises

76
Q

Type of therapy which uses a hierarchy of goals, often starting with self harm

A

Dialectical behavioural therapy

77
Q

Main difference between humanistic psychotherapy and other types of psychotherapy

A

Humanistic psychotherapy views the therapist/patient relationship as the treatment rather than as a means to provide the treatment

78
Q

Type of therapy which uses reformulation letters written to the patient by the therapist

A

Cognitive analytic psychotherapy

79
Q

Type of therapy which involves establishing the patient in the sick role

A

Interpersonal therapy

80
Q

Type of therapy most suitable for a child with learning difficulties and behavioural difficulties

A

Behavioural therapy

81
Q

Type of therapy which uses cognitive therapy techniques within a psychodynamic framework

A

Cognitive analytical therapy

82
Q

Type of therapy that focuses on transitions, grief, disputes, and sensitivity

A

Interpersonal therapy

83
Q

Type of therapy which uses body scanning and a subjective units of distress scale

A

EMDR

84
Q

Techniques used in solution focused therapy

A

Problem free talk
Preferred future

85
Q

Techniques used in cognitive analytical therapy

A

Reformulation
Recognition of maladaptive behaviours
Revision

86
Q

Condition which interpersonal therapy was designed for

A

Depression

87
Q

Micro-counselling techniques used in motivational interviewing

A

Open ended questions
Affirmations
Reflections
Summaries

88
Q

Three areas of assessment for behavioural activation therapy

A

Trigger
Response
Avoidance pattern

89
Q

Type of therapy associated with finding a safe place before starting

A

EMDR

90
Q

Type of therapy which uses an outside-in approach

A

Behavioural activation

91
Q

Type of therapy which uses the empty chair technique

A

Gestalt therapy

3. Psychotherapy (7 decks)

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