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3. Psychotherapy > Dynamic psychotherapy > Flashcards

Dynamic psychotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Unacceptable ideas that are pushed out of the conscious into the unconscious

A

Repression

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2
Q

Words that slip out during conversation which can give clues to someone’s unconscious thoughts

A

Parapraxes/Freudian slips

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3
Q

When a patient is encouraged to say whatever comes into their mind

A

Free association

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4
Q

Where two or more unconscious impulses are turned into a single image within a dream

A

Condensation

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5
Q

Where one unconscious impulse is seen in multiple images within a dream

A

Diffusion/irradiation

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6
Q

Where the energy within one thought is transferred to another idea within a dream

A

Displacement

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7
Q

Where a highly charged thought is replaced with a more innocent/less emotionally charged thought

A

Symbolic representation

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8
Q

Example of symbolic representation

A

Someone’s wish to shoot their father becomes an image of them shooting a stag

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9
Q

Freud’s destructive, death instinct

A

Thanatos

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10
Q

Freud’s life affirming instinct

A

Eros

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11
Q

Three regions within Freud’s topographical model of the mind

A

Unconscious
Preconscious
Conscious

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12
Q

Area of the topographical model of the mind which is governed by the pleasure principle

A

Unconscious

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13
Q

Area of the topographical model of the mind which is governed by primary process thinking

A

Unconscious

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14
Q

Type of thinking within psychotherapy which is not restricted by logic or reality

A

Primary process thinking

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15
Q

Area of the topographical model of the mind which forms a barrier to stop unacceptable wishes or thoughts

A

Preconscious

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16
Q

Area of the topographical model of the mind which linked with reality

A

Conscious

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17
Q

Type of thinking within psychotherapy which is bound by logic, time and space

A

Secondary process thinking

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18
Q

Regions within Freud’s structural model of the mind

A

Id
Ego
Superego

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19
Q

Area of the structural model of the mind which holds someone’s instincts and base wishes

A

Id

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20
Q

Area of the structural model of the mind which acts as a moral conscience

A

Superego

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21
Q

Area of the structural model of the mind which mediates between instinctual desires and morals

A

Ego

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22
Q

Subarea within the structural model of the mind which is an image of how the person should if they could be their best possible self

A

Ego ideal

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23
Q

Freud’s psychosexual stages of development

A

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latent
Genital

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24
Q

Age during the oral stage of psychosexual development

A

Birth to 18 months

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25
Q

Age during the anal stage of psychosexual development

A

18 months to 3 years

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26
Q

Age during the phallic stage of psychosexual development

A

3 to 5 years

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27
Q

Age during the latent stage of psychosexual development

A

5 years to puberty

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28
Q

Age during the genital stage of psychosexual development

A

Puberty to adulthood

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29
Q

Focus during the oral stage of psychosexual development

A

Sucking
Feeding

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30
Q

Problems caused in adult life by a fixation on the oral stage of psychosexual development

A

Alcoholism
Excessive eating

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31
Q

Focus during the anal stage of psychosexual development

A

Being able to control the anal sphincter and the control that comes with that

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32
Q

Problems caused in adult life by a fixation on the anal stage of psychosexual development

A

OCD

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33
Q

Focus during the phallic stage of psychosexual development

A

Discovering the genitals
Differentiating between boys and girls

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34
Q

Stage of psychosexual development at which children develop the Oedipal and Electra complexes

A

Phallic

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35
Q

Idea behind the Oedipal complex

A

The idea that a young boy wishes to kill his father in order to marry his mother

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36
Q

Idea behind the Electra complex

A

The idea that girls develop penis envy and want to be with their father in order to have a baby

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37
Q

Neo Freudian who developed the paranoid schizoid and depressive positions

A

Melanie Klein

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38
Q

Idea behind the paranoid schizoid position, held by young babies and children

A

The world is divided into good and bad
If the infant’s mother does not immediately meet its needs she is thought of as bad
The infant has destructive thoughts about the mother
They worry the mother will retaliate to punish them (paranoid)
This causes them to retreat and cut off their mother (schizoid)

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39
Q

Idea behind the depressive position, held by older children and adults

A

The child is able to see the mix of good and bad of things in the world
They are able to see good and bad qualities in their mother
They feel bad about their previous thoughts towards their mother

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40
Q

Neo Freudian who developed the school of analytic psychology

A

Carl Jung

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41
Q

Jung’s term for humankind’s collective past

A

Collective unconscious

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42
Q

Jung’s term for images used around the world to represent certain ideas e.g. the Hero character

A

Archetypes

43
Q

Jung’s term for the mask covering someone’s true personality, the part of themselves they allow the world to see

A

Persona

44
Q

Jung’s term for the unconscious feminine aspect of a man

A

Anima

45
Q

Jung’s term for the unconscious masculine aspect of a woman

A

Animus

46
Q

Jung’s term for the personification of the unacceptable parts of someone’s personality

A

Shadow

47
Q

Jung’s term for the process where someone develops self identity

A

Individuation

48
Q

Neo Freudian who developed the terms extraversion and intraversion

A

Jung

49
Q

Neo Freudian who developed the terms extraversion and intraversion

A

Jung

50
Q

Neo Freudian who developed the idea of the transitional object

A

Winnicott

51
Q

Neo Freudian who developed the idea of the good enough mother

A

Winnicott

52
Q

Winnicott’s term for the area between fantasy and reality, where children develop psychologically

A

The transitional zone

53
Q

Winnicott’s term for an object given to a child by an important person which has a special meaning to them

A

Transitional object

54
Q

Idea behind Winnicott’s good enough mother

A

A mother who fulfils her caring role but also allows the child to gradually see her as not perfect which helps their independence

55
Q

Neo Freudian who developed the idea of libidinal, antilibidinal and ideal parts of an object

A

Fairbairn

56
Q

The idea within psychotherapy that all human thoughts and behaviour are a result of childhood experiences and innate drives rather than being spontaneous

A

Psychic determinism

57
Q

Within psychotherapy, the relationship the therapist and patient have when they are working together towards a common goal

A

Therapeutic alliance

58
Q

Three areas in which a psychotherapy patient can break the therapeutic relationship

A

Continuity issues
Acting in
Acting out

59
Q

Way in which patients can break the therapeutic relationship by halting the progression of sessions

A

Continuity

60
Q

Way in which patients can break the therapeutic relationship by acting a certain way within a session

A

Acting in

61
Q

Way in which patients can break the therapeutic relationship by acting a certain way outwith the session

A

Acting out

62
Q

Examples of continuity issues within psychotherapy

A

Lateness
Absences
Taking breaks

63
Q

Examples of acting in within psychotherapy

A

Physical contact
Bringing gifts
Asking the therapist repeated questions
Silence

64
Q

Examples of acting out within psychotherapy

A

Self harm
Alcohol use
Drug use
Suicide

65
Q

The feelings and thoughts given to the therapist during psychotherapy which are actually coming from another person in the patient’s past

A

Transference

66
Q

Three types of transference described by Kohut

A

Mirroring transference
Idealising transference
Twinship transference

67
Q

Kohut’s type of transference where the patient feels inadequate and needs the therapist to reassure them constantly

A

Mirroring transference

68
Q

Kohut’s type of transference where the patient thinks of the therapist as being perfect, which they then internalise to improve their own self esteem

A

Idealising transference

69
Q

Kohut’s type of transference where the patient expects the therapist to act and feel the same as they do

A

Twinship transference

70
Q

The therapist’s feelings towards the patient which often relate the patient’s transference

A

Counter transference

71
Q

A psychotherapy patient’s wish to keep the relationship with their therapist similar to past relationships they have had

A

Transference resistance

72
Q

Within psychotherapy, the idea that a step forward e.g. a realisation, is often followed by a step backwards e.g. an episode of acting out

A

Negative therapeutic reaction

73
Q

Within psychotherapy, the idea that someone can be repelled to repeat a traumatic event, or to create traumatic circumstances

A

Repetition compulsion

74
Q

Within psychotherapy, the activation or showing of a patient’s personality which is normally hidden

A

Regression

75
Q

Immature defence mechanisms

A

Acting out
Regression
Denial

76
Q

Defence mechanism where someone acts on their unconscious wish

A

Acting out

77
Q

Defence mechanism where someone reverts back to an earlier stage of development

A

Regression

78
Q

Defence mechanism where someone refuses to accept a reality which they do not like

A

Denial

79
Q

Psychotic/Kleinian defence mechanisms

A

Splitting
Idealisation
Denigration
Projection
Projective identification

80
Q

Defence mechanism where someone sees things as entirely good or bad

A

Splitting

81
Q

Defence mechanism where someone sees something as entirely good

A

Idealisation

82
Q

Defence mechanism where someone sees something as entirely bad

A

Denigration

83
Q

Defence mechanism where someone sees a part of their personality they do not like as belonging to someone else

A

Projection

84
Q

Defence mechanism where someone takes in someone else’s projection and acts as if they did have that personality trait

A

Projective identification

85
Q

Neurotic defence mechanisms

A

Repression
Intellectualisation
Rationalisation
Reaction formation
Undoing/magical thinking
Displacement

86
Q

Defence mechanism where someone keeps a difficult reality out of their conscious

A

Repression

87
Q

Defence mechanism where someone ignores the emotions associated with an event

A

Intellectualisation

88
Q

Defence mechanism where someone explains away a thought they would rather not have had

A

Rationalisation

89
Q

Defence mechanism where someone does the opposite of what they really want to do

A

Reaction formation

90
Q

Defence mechanism where someone believes that by doing a particular action they can affect things around them

A

Magical thinking

91
Q

Defence mechanism where someone attempts to make it as if they have not done a particular action

A

Undoing

92
Q

Defence mechanism where someone directs their emotions towards someone else, rather than the person they really feel those emotions towards

A

Displacement

93
Q

Mature defence mechanisms

A

Humour
Sublimation
Altruism

94
Q

Defence mechanism where someone acts out the energy from an unacceptable wish in a more acceptable way

A

Sublimation

95
Q

Differences between exploratory and supportive psychotherapy regarding timing

A

Exploratory - time limited
Supportive - used as an when needed

96
Q

Differences between exploratory and supportive psychotherapy regarding the focus of the sessions

A

Exploratory - focuses on childhood trauma and developmental issues
Supportive - focuses on current issues

97
Q

Differences between exploratory and supportive psychotherapy regarding the aim

A

Exploratory - aims to explore the cause behind the patient’s difficulties
Supportive - aims to develop coping strategies for the patient’s difficulties

98
Q

Differences between exploratory and supportive psychotherapy regarding suitable patients

A

Exploratory - patients must have some frustration tolerance and be psychologically minded
Supportive - can be used even in patients have poor frustration tolerance or are not psychologically minded

99
Q

Differences between brief and extended dynamic psychotherapy regarding the patient’s issues

A

Brief - patient should have a single, well demarcated problem and otherwise be functioning well
Extended - patient can have more complex or longstanding difficulties in multiple areas

100
Q

Methods of accessing the unconscious mind within dynamic psychotherapy

A

Dreams
Free association
Parapraxes
Abreaction

101
Q

Description of abreaction within psychodynamic psychotherapy

A

Recalling a traumatic event, and releasing previously repressed associated emotions

102
Q

Elements of therapy specific to brief dynamic therapy compared to extended dynamic therapy

A

Choosing a focus area
The therapist actively guiding the therapy
Early addressing of positive transference
Early addressing of countertransference issues

103
Q

Patient factor which suggests a likely poor response to dynamic psychotherapy

A

Multiple episodes of acting out

104
Q

Personality disorder often seen as a contraindication to psychdynamic psychotherapy

A

Antisocial personality disorder

3. Psychotherapy (7 decks)

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