other systems

Question 1

what is typically contraindicated after hemostasis and why

Answer 1

passive stretching due to development of myositis ossificans

Question 2

sarcoma can arise from

Answer 2

muscle, bone or fat

Question 3

which stage of cancer has potentially spread to the lymph nodes

Answer 3

stage II, for sure in III

Question 4

ovaries and spermatic cords are in which quadrants

Answer 4

RLQ and LLQ

Question 5

kidneys are in the ____ quadrants

Answer 5

upper

Question 6

gall bladder is in the ____

Answer 6

RUQ

Question 7

spleen is in the

Answer 7

LUQ

Question 8

stomach is in the

Answer 8

LUQ

Question 9

what is achlasia

Answer 9

condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax and food is trapped in the esophagus

Question 10

foods that may aggravate heartbearn

Answer 10

caffeine, alcohol, fatty foods, citrus foods, coffee, chocolate, peppermint

Question 11

medications that trigger constipation

Answer 11

opiates, antidepressants, calcium channel blockers and anticholinergics

Question 12

conditions that are associated with constipation

Answer 12

hypothyroidism, diverticular disease, IBS, parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury, tumors (colon) , bowel obstruction, rectal lesions

Question 13

constipation may cause ______ pain/tenderness

Answer 13

abdominal, anterior hip, groin or thigh

Question 14

coffee ground vomit is consistent with

Answer 14

gastric ulcers, gastritis or esophageal cancer

Question 15

tarry or black stools indicate

Answer 15

upper digestive tract disorders

Question 16

bright red blood in the stool indicates

Answer 16

lower colon/rectum disorders (fissures)

Question 17

amber or dark urine may be associated with

Answer 17

lever hepatitis

Question 18

initial (preicteric) phase of hepatitis signs and symptoms

Answer 18

fever, anorexia, N/V/D, fatigue, malaise, HA, abdominal tenderness, myalgia and arthralgia

Question 19

increased bilirubin and hepatic transaminases may indicate

Answer 19

hepatitis

Question 20

what is the leading cause of liver cancer

Answer 20

viral hepatitis, common reason for liver transplant

Question 21

skip lesions are a sign of

Answer 21

Crohn’s disease

Question 22

tests for appendicitis

Answer 22

rebound tenderness, Mcburney’s point, Rovsing’s sign, psoas sign , obturator sign, markle’s sign

Question 23

movements to avoid in the third trimester

Answer 23

supine/bridging to avoid pressure on the inferior vena cava

Question 24

what type of incontinence is common in pregnancy

Answer 24

stress incontinence, pressure on the bladder

Question 25

what might you observe during exercise when working with a patient who is pregnant

Answer 25

hyperventilation and dyspnea with mild exercise due to elevation of the diaphragm and widening of thoracic cage, also increased heat production and increased basal metabolic rate

Question 26

what is cystocele

Answer 26

herniation of the bladder into the vagina

Question 27

what is rectocele

Answer 27

herniation of the rectum into the vagina

Question 28

uterine prolapse =

Answer 28

bulging of the uterus into the vagina

Question 29

pelvic pain can radiate to ____

Answer 29

posterior thigh

Question 30

what position should a pregnant patient lie in for treatments like manual therapy

Answer 30

left side lying

Question 31

what are signs and sypmtoms of pre-eclampsia

Answer 31

occurs after 24 weeks gestation, HTN, edema, sudden excessive weight gain, HA, visual disturbances, hyperreflexia

Question 32

post C-section exercises should also involve

Answer 32

pillow support for incision and postoperative TENS for incisional pain (electrodes are parallel to incision), avoid heavy lifting for 4-6 weeks

Question 33

what glands maintain male sex hormornes

Answer 33

hypothalamus and anterior pituitary

Question 34

FSH in male fxn=

Answer 34

initiate spermatogenesis

Question 35

LH fxn in males=

Answer 35

regulate testosterone production

Question 36

hormonal causes of erectile dysfunction

Answer 36

hypothyroidism, hypopituitarism, hypogonadism

Question 37

referred pain of prostate

Answer 37

dull, aching pain in low back, sacral, genital or rectal regions

Question 38

homeostasis of the renal system occurs with

Answer 38

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 39

symptoms of dehydration

Answer 39

headache, dry mucous membranes, irritability, lethargy, disorientation, poor skin turgor, incoordination

Question 40

what electrolyte may be increased with addisons disease

Answer 40

magnesium

Question 41

hypomagnesium occurs during

Answer 41

hemodialysis, blood transfusions, chronic renal disease, hepatic cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, hypoparathyroidism, malabsorption, burns or excessive fluid loss

Question 42

increased serum urea and creatinine =

Answer 42

acute renal failure

Question 43

what might cause acute renal failure

Answer 43

toxic substances, bacterial toxins, acute obstruction, rhabdomyolysis, trauma, circulatory obstruction to kidneys

Question 44

chronic renal failure may be a result of

Answer 44

prolonged UTI, infection, diabetes, SLE, uncontrolled hypertension

Question 45

2 causes of stress incontinence

Answer 45

increased intra- abdominal pressure , weakness and laxity of pelvic floor/sphincter

Question 46

what is urge incontinence

Answer 46

bladder begins contracting and urine is leaked after sensation of bladder fullness/inability to delay voiding

Question 47

overflow incontinence=

Answer 47

bladder leaks due to fullness from urinary retention

Question 48

overflow incontinence may be from

Answer 48

neurogenic bladder, acontractile bladder, prostate enlargement, SCI, MS

Question 49

functional incontinence=

Answer 49

leakage associated with inability or unwillingness to toilet

Question 50

foods that might aggravate the bladder

Answer 50

citrus, caffeine, chocolate

Question 51

catheterization is used for what kind of incontinence

Answer 51

overflow

Question 52

overdistended bladder may benefit from

Answer 52

intermittent catheterization

Question 53

cataracts

Answer 53

loss of central vision first and then peripheral , general darkening of vision, can be corrected with surgery

Question 54

glaucoma is a loss of _____ vision more prominently

Answer 54

early peripheral vision, can progress to total blindness

Question 55

pathophysiology of senile macular degeneration

Answer 55

compromised by decreased blood supply or abnormal growth of blood vessels under the retina

Question 56

diabetic retinopathy leads to _____ vision impairment

Answer 56

central