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NPTE > other systems > Flashcards

other systems Flashcards

1
Q

what is typically contraindicated after hemostasis and why

A

passive stretching due to development of myositis ossificans

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2
Q

sarcoma can arise from

A

muscle, bone or fat

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3
Q

which stage of cancer has potentially spread to the lymph nodes

A

stage II, for sure in III

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4
Q

ovaries and spermatic cords are in which quadrants

A

RLQ and LLQ

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5
Q

kidneys are in the ____ quadrants

A

upper

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6
Q

gall bladder is in the ____

A

RUQ

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7
Q

spleen is in the

A

LUQ

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8
Q

stomach is in the

A

LUQ

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9
Q

what is achlasia

A

condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax and food is trapped in the esophagus

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10
Q

foods that may aggravate heartbearn

A

caffeine, alcohol, fatty foods, citrus foods, coffee, chocolate, peppermint

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11
Q

medications that trigger constipation

A

opiates, antidepressants, calcium channel blockers and anticholinergics

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12
Q

conditions that are associated with constipation

A

hypothyroidism, diverticular disease, IBS, parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury, tumors (colon) , bowel obstruction, rectal lesions

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13
Q

constipation may cause ______ pain/tenderness

A

abdominal, anterior hip, groin or thigh

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14
Q

coffee ground vomit is consistent with

A

gastric ulcers, gastritis or esophageal cancer

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15
Q

tarry or black stools indicate

A

upper digestive tract disorders

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16
Q

bright red blood in the stool indicates

A

lower colon/rectum disorders (fissures)

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17
Q

amber or dark urine may be associated with

A

lever hepatitis

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18
Q

initial (preicteric) phase of hepatitis signs and symptoms

A

fever, anorexia, N/V/D, fatigue, malaise, HA, abdominal tenderness, myalgia and arthralgia

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19
Q

increased bilirubin and hepatic transaminases may indicate

A

hepatitis

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20
Q

what is the leading cause of liver cancer

A

viral hepatitis, common reason for liver transplant

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21
Q

skip lesions are a sign of

A

Crohn’s disease

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22
Q

tests for appendicitis

A

rebound tenderness, Mcburney’s point, Rovsing’s sign, psoas sign , obturator sign, markle’s sign

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23
Q

movements to avoid in the third trimester

A

supine/bridging to avoid pressure on the inferior vena cava

24
Q

what type of incontinence is common in pregnancy

A

stress incontinence, pressure on the bladder

25
Q

what might you observe during exercise when working with a patient who is pregnant

A

hyperventilation and dyspnea with mild exercise due to elevation of the diaphragm and widening of thoracic cage, also increased heat production and increased basal metabolic rate

26
Q

what is cystocele

A

herniation of the bladder into the vagina

27
Q

what is rectocele

A

herniation of the rectum into the vagina

28
Q

uterine prolapse =

A

bulging of the uterus into the vagina

29
Q

pelvic pain can radiate to ____

A

posterior thigh

30
Q

what position should a pregnant patient lie in for treatments like manual therapy

A

left side lying

31
Q

what are signs and sypmtoms of pre-eclampsia

A

occurs after 24 weeks gestation, HTN, edema, sudden excessive weight gain, HA, visual disturbances, hyperreflexia

32
Q

post C-section exercises should also involve

A

pillow support for incision and postoperative TENS for incisional pain (electrodes are parallel to incision), avoid heavy lifting for 4-6 weeks

33
Q

what glands maintain male sex hormornes

A

hypothalamus and anterior pituitary

34
Q

FSH in male fxn=

A

initiate spermatogenesis

35
Q

LH fxn in males=

A

regulate testosterone production

36
Q

hormonal causes of erectile dysfunction

A

hypothyroidism, hypopituitarism, hypogonadism

37
Q

referred pain of prostate

A

dull, aching pain in low back, sacral, genital or rectal regions

38
Q

homeostasis of the renal system occurs with

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

39
Q

symptoms of dehydration

A

headache, dry mucous membranes, irritability, lethargy, disorientation, poor skin turgor, incoordination

40
Q

what electrolyte may be increased with addisons disease

A

magnesium

41
Q

hypomagnesium occurs during

A

hemodialysis, blood transfusions, chronic renal disease, hepatic cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, hypoparathyroidism, malabsorption, burns or excessive fluid loss

42
Q

increased serum urea and creatinine =

A

acute renal failure

43
Q

what might cause acute renal failure

A

toxic substances, bacterial toxins, acute obstruction, rhabdomyolysis, trauma, circulatory obstruction to kidneys

44
Q

chronic renal failure may be a result of

A

prolonged UTI, infection, diabetes, SLE, uncontrolled hypertension

45
Q

2 causes of stress incontinence

A

increased intra- abdominal pressure , weakness and laxity of pelvic floor/sphincter

46
Q

what is urge incontinence

A

bladder begins contracting and urine is leaked after sensation of bladder fullness/inability to delay voiding

47
Q

overflow incontinence=

A

bladder leaks due to fullness from urinary retention

48
Q

overflow incontinence may be from

A

neurogenic bladder, acontractile bladder, prostate enlargement, SCI, MS

49
Q

functional incontinence=

A

leakage associated with inability or unwillingness to toilet

50
Q

foods that might aggravate the bladder

A

citrus, caffeine, chocolate

51
Q

catheterization is used for what kind of incontinence

A

overflow

52
Q

overdistended bladder may benefit from

A

intermittent catheterization

53
Q

cataracts

A

loss of central vision first and then peripheral , general darkening of vision, can be corrected with surgery

54
Q

glaucoma is a loss of _____ vision more prominently

A

early peripheral vision, can progress to total blindness

55
Q

pathophysiology of senile macular degeneration

A

compromised by decreased blood supply or abnormal growth of blood vessels under the retina

56
Q

diabetic retinopathy leads to _____ vision impairment

A

central

57
Q
A

NPTE (7 decks)

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