Other reforms from emancipation Flashcards
1
Q
What was reformed by emancipation?
A
- created the Zemstva
- legal reforms
- education
- censorship
- military
- national minority’s
- financial
- economic
- political
2
Q
What was the Zemstva?
A
- form of elected rural local council
- they controlled small amounts of people
- the tried to improve the community
- compensation for the loss of the nobles power over the serfs
3
Q
What was the problems with the Zemstva?
A
- only 40% of members were voted by peasants.
- any laws created could be reversed by provincial governors.
4
Q
What was the legal reforms?
A
- new system based on open trials in public, and used a jury to witness the trial
- separate courts (stopping class separation)
- judges trained better and paid more
5
Q
What were the problems with some of the legal reforms?
A
- judges still ‘influenced’ by government
- government officials still could only be tried under special rules (corruption)
6
Q
What was the educational reforms?
A
- 1863 university’s could self rule
- primary and secondary education extended
- bias against poor classes reduced
7
Q
What were the problems with the reforms in education?
A
- government still set guidelines to follow and could veto appointments
- student organisations banned
8
Q
What was the reforms in censorship?
A
- censorship was relaxed initially
9
Q
What were the problems of censorship?
A
- more opinions in newspapers and journalism about the tsarist reign
- this led to censorship to but once again tightened.
10
Q
What were the military reforms?
A
- conscription was reorganised by the work of Dimitri Milyutin in 1864
- conscription was for all, not just peasants
- reduced from 25 years to 6-9 years
- better officer training, more open promotion
11
Q
What were the problems with the military reforms?
A
- nobles slowed the process until Prussia’s victory in 1866-71, proving the modernised army works
- officers still mainly aristocratic
