Other Pulmonary Disease

Question 1

Rapid onset of profound dyspnea occurring 12-24 hours after the precipitating event. Physical exam will show tachypnea, frothy pink or red sputum and diffuse crackles

Answer 1

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Question 2

Surfactant deficiency, preterm newborn less than 30 weeks at birth. Treat with ventilation and steroids

Answer 2

Hyaline membrane disease

Question 3

Inspiratory stridor if high in the airway, will have wheezing and decreased breath sounds if low in the airway

Answer 3

Foreign body aspiration

Question 4

What situations predispose an infant to developing type 2 IRDS?

Answer 4

C-section or diabetic mother

Question 5

What type of Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) occurs in a near or full term infant?

Answer 5

Type 2 IRDS

Question 6

What type of Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) occurs in a preterm infant? (usually born before 30 weeks)

Answer 6

Type 1 IRDS

Question 7

Incomplete lung development due to congenital malformation?

Answer 7

Pulmonary hypoplasia

Question 8

Long term inflammation and eventual scarring after episodes of severe respiratory distress and mechanical ventilation?

Answer 8

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Question 9

What is the Dx? Looks like CHF on chest X-ray but pulmonary wedge pressure in normal.

Answer 9

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Question 10

Treatment for infant with Hyaline membrane disease (AKA: infant respiratory distress syndrome - IRDS)?

Answer 10

Respiratory support - Ventilatory support - Exogenous surfactant

Question 11

Treatment to prevent Hyaline membrane disease in the newborn?

Answer 11

Give antenatal corticosteroids

Question 12

What is the cause of hyaline membrane disease in infants?

Answer 12

Surfactant deficiency