Other Protest Movements Flashcards
What were the reasons for the Woman’s Movement in the 1960’s & 1970’s?
• World War 2 gave women new roles and new opportunities
• The contraceptive pill became available in the 1960s
• Reaction against 1950s ideas of women as wives and mothers
• Better education leading to career aspirations
• Publication of ‘The Feminine Mystique’ by Betty Friedan in 1963
• Formation of the National Organisation of Women (NOW) in 1966
What new opportunities did women seek during the Woman’s Movement?
• Equal pay with men
• Opportunities to get top jobs
• Child care for working parents
• Action against male sexism
What actions did women take to protest during the Women’s Movement?
• Went on marches
• Organised petitions
• Appeals to the Supreme Court
• Demonstrations
What was the significance of Betty Friedan’s book ‘The Feminine Mystique’?
‘The Feminine Mystique’ argued that married women should be able to have careers and that husbands and wives should have equal partnerships.
What was the National Organisation of Women (NOW) and who started it?
NOW was started by Betty Friedan in 1966.
What radical actions did some women take as part of their protest?
• Not wearing make-up as a protest against male supremacy
• Burning bras as a symbol of male domination
True or False: Some women opposed the women’s movement believing in traditional roles.
True
Who was a prominent opponent of the women’s movement?
Phyllis Schafly
What did the Equal Pay Act of 1963 establish?
Men and women should have the same pay for the same job.
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 accomplish?
Banned discrimination on the basis of gender.
What did the Education Amendment Act of 1972 ensure for girls?
Girls could follow the same curriculum in schools as boys.
What was the outcome of the Roe vs Wade case in 1973?
The Supreme Court ruled that abortion was legal.
Fill in the blank: The women’s movement aimed to combat _______ against women.
male sexism
What was one of the criticisms of radical feminists during the Women’s Movement?
They caused a distraction from key issues of equal pay and job opportunities.
What role did education play in the Woman’s Movement?
Women were better educated and wanted to use this education to pursue careers.
What was the background of the 1950s that influenced the student movement?
Parents were shocked by the role models for teenagers. There was a generation gap between older people who remembered the hardships of the Depression and WWII and teenagers who were raised in prosperity.
What was the general attitude of young people towards their parents’ lifestyles in the 1950s?
Many students turned against their parents’ comfortable lifestyles, viewing them as boring and overly focused on money.
What cultural elements shocked the older generation during the student movement?
Sex, drugs, and rock and roll.
What were the reasons for the student protest movement?
Desire for freedom in music, fashion, and social life; availability of the contraceptive pill; access to recreational drugs; influence of protest singers like Bob Dylan; increased college attendance among affluent youth; opposition to the Vietnam War.
How did the contraceptive pill influence women’s freedom?
It allowed women more control over their sexual behavior and the timing of childbirth.
What role did Bob Dylan play in the student protest movement?
He wrote popular protest songs against war and racism.
What significant protest event occurred in 1969?
700,000 people marched in Washington against the Vietnam War.
What actions did students take during anti-Vietnam War protests?
They burned draft cards and sometimes the American flag.
What was the outcome of the Kent State University incident in 1970?
4 students were shot dead by police during a peaceful protest, leading to 2 million students going on strike in protest.
What was the Weathermen group known for?
They used violence, including bombing army recruitment centers and government buildings.
What lifestyle changes were associated with the Hippy movement?
Growing long hair, wearing distinctive clothes, traveling in buses, and promoting peace with the slogan ‘make love, not war.’
What were some long-lasting achievements of the student movement?
Changes in youth culture, increased awareness of individuality, fashion consciousness, and influence on government policy regarding Vietnam.
How did student protests impact the civil rights movement?
They provided publicity for racism in America and strengthened the civil rights movement with the involvement of white students.
True or False: The student movement was a uniform movement with all students sharing the same beliefs.
False
Fill in the blank: The Students for a _________ Society (SDS) was established to give students a greater say in university governance.
Democratic
