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PSYC106 EOY > Other notes > Flashcards

Other notes Flashcards

1
Q

Psychiatrists

A

Medical degree
Mainly hospitals and private practises
Can prescribe drugs

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2
Q

Clinical psychologists

A

Ph.D or Masters in Psych

Uni, private practises, community mental health

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3
Q

Counselling psychologists

A

Problems of living rather than diagnosable conditions

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4
Q

Counselors

A

Masters in Psyc
School and institutions
School or job related problems

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5
Q

Psychiatric Social workers

A

Masters in social work

Public agencies, home visits

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6
Q

Psychiatric nurses

A

Bachelor or masters in nursing

Hospital settings

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7
Q

Self-help groups

A

Alcoholic anonymous etc

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8
Q

Id

A

Original structure present from birth
Unorganised reservoir for energy, instincts
Acts on impulses and operates according to pleasure principle

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9
Q

Ego

A

Next to develop and compels Id to work within constraints of reality
Operates according to reality principle and logical thinking
Moderates between id and superego

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10
Q

Superego

A

Last to develop
The conscious
Evolves as a consequence of child moving though Oedipal developmental stage

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11
Q

4 defence mechanisms

A

Repression
Projection
Displacement
Splitting

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12
Q

Repression

A

Rejection from consciousness painful or shameful experiences

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13
Q

Projection

A

Attributing unacceptable wishes to another

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14
Q

Displacement

A

Transferring an emotion from original idea or object to a more acceptable one

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15
Q

Splitting

A

Dividing external objects into all good or all bad

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16
Q

Analytical goals of treatment (3)

A

Strengthen ego
Awareness and insight
Conflict resolution

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17
Q

Cognitive therapy

A

Identification and correction or maladaptive beliefs, automatic thinking styles and self-defeating attributes that create and compound emotional and behavioural problems

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18
Q

Expected Utility theory

A

Emphasises subjective rather than monetary value

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19
Q

Wheel of fortune

A

Provided, explicit, irrelevant

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20
Q

Listing price

A

Provided, implicit, relevant

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21
Q

Framing effect

A

How a scenario is explained

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22
Q

Prospect Theory

A

Utilities are evaluated with respect to a reference point

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23
Q

Representativeness Heuristics

A

Evaluate the probability that A originates from B by the degree to which A resembles B (Heads/Tails example)

24
Q

Availability Heuristics

A

Evaluate the probability of A by the ease with which relevant instances come to mind (words starting with R, words with R in 3rd position example)

25
Q

Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristics

A

Estimate quantitative information by making adjustments from an initial value (8x7x6x5 example)

26
Q

Mechanisms that cause anchoring

A

Insufficient adjustment from the anchor
Selective accessibility of knowledge
Numeric or magnitude priming

27
Q

Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs

A 
Top
- Self-Actualisation 
- Esteem Needs
- Belonging Needs
- Safety Needs
- Physiological Needs
Bottom
28
Q

Main paradigms in Personality psychology

A 
Biological 
Trait 
Social Learning 
Psychoanalysis
Phenomenological
29
Q

Psychoanalytical

A

Unconscious mind influences behaviour

30
Q

Phenomenological

A

Includes: Existentialism, Humanistic and Cross-cultural

31
Q

Big 5

A 
Openness - Curious, creative 
Conscientiousness - Organised, achievement orientated
Extraversion - Outgoing, sociable 
Agreeableness - Tolerant, sensitive 
Neuroticism - Anxious, temperamental
32
Q

Openness

A

Frontal pole activity
Dopamine - reward seeking
Cognitive version of extraversion

33
Q

Conscientiousness

A

Controlling impulses in order to follow longer term goals or rules
Lateral PFC
Low serotonin and impulsivity

34
Q

Extraversion

A

Amygdala response to positive emotional scenes

Dopamine

35
Q

Agreeableness

A

Serotonin increases oxytocin

Oxytocin reduces ACC activity - reduces amygdala reactivity, reduces social threat

36
Q

Attachment Styles

A

Secure - + about self & + about partner
Preoccupied - + about self & - about partner
Dismissive - - about self & + about partner
Fearful - - about self & - about partner

37
Q

What makes something creative

A

Original and solves a problem

38
Q

DMS - 3 clusters / 5 axes

A

Cluster A = Odd and eccentric
Cluster B = Impulsive and erratic
Cluster C = Anxious and avoidant

39
Q

Cluster A

A

Schizotypical, Schizoid and Paranoid

40
Q

Cluster B

A

Histronic, Narcissistic, Antisocial and Borderline

41
Q

Cluster C

A

Dependent, Avoidant, Obsessive-Compulsive

42
Q

Schizotypical

A

M > F
Magical thinking
Odd speech or thinking
suspiciousness or paranoia

43
Q

Schizoid

A

M= F
No pleasure from social interaction
Indifferent to the opinions of others

44
Q

Paranoid

A

M < F ?

Assume the worst of everyone

45
Q

Histrionic

A

M = F
Goal is to be centre of attention
M = macho
F = sexual

46
Q

Narcissistic

A

M > F
Excessive self love
Lack of empathy

47
Q

Antisocial

A

M > F

Illegal activities and risky behaviour

48
Q

Borderline

A

M = F
Rapid mood shifts
Uncontrollable anger
self-destructive

49
Q

Dependent personality disorder

A

M < F

Fear of disagreeing with others

50
Q

Avoidant

A

M = F
Expect the worst from others
Need constant reassurance

51
Q

Obsessive - compulsive

A

Over concern with rules
Perfectionist
Workaholism
Inflexible thinking/behaviour

52
Q

Expectant Value Theory

A

Behavioural decisions determined by presence or size of reinforcement

53
Q

Low strain jobs

A

Low demand - high control

54
Q

Active jobs

A

High demand - high control

55
Q

Passive jobs

A

Low demand - low control

56
Q

High strain jobs

A

High demand - low control

57
Q

3 basic needs drive behaviour

A

Autonomy
Competence
Relatedness

PSYC106 EOY (3 decks)

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