Other Metalanguage Flashcards
1
Q
Cultural Context
A
- values/attitudes/beliefs held by participants and the wider community at the time of the discourse
e.g. Australian values and beliefs influencing language
2
Q
Situational Context
A
- situational context - specific context of the discourse; who, where, when, what,
e.g. text type, function, purpose, semantic field, mode, time and place, recent events, relationship, audience
3
Q
Register
A
- degree of formality of the text; can be somewhere on a continuum
e.g. informal - moderately informal - mixed - moderately formal - formal
4
Q
Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism
A
- prescriptivism - there is a set, ‘correct’ way to speak/write
**e.g. those who shun new slang ** - descriptivism - ther is not a right or wrong way to speak/write
e.g. those who embrace new slang
5
Q
Standardisation
A
- when one type of English becomes the dominant variety
- when standardising, codification of language occurs (making of rules)
6
Q
Norms and Prestige
A
- norms - social expectations in different contexts
e.g. overt norms - used widely, can convey professionalism | covert norms - used exclusively, can convey group membership - prestige - value of a used language feature in a context
e.g. covert prestige - value within a smaller audience |overt prestige - value within a larger audience
7
Q
Standard vs Non-Standard Australian English
A
- SAE - codified language variety
e.g. english taught to children - NSAE - variations and devations from the standard
e.g. ethnolects, Aboriginal Englishes, teenspeak
8
Q
Political Correctness
A
- language boundaries which reflect underyling values, beliefs and attitudes
- changes over time with society cchanges beliefs
e.g. change in pronouns overtime
9
Q
Double-speak
A
- use of ambiguous and indirect langauge to deliberately mislead, confuse or obscure meaning
e.g. politican trying to coverup a wrongdoing
10
Q
Rhetoric
A
- language which intends to strongly persuade
11
Q
Positive and Negative Face Needs
A
- positive - need to be liked, respected and treated as a member of group
e.g. compliment, slang to mark group membership - negative - need to be autonomous and have choice, signalling authority
e.g. interrogatives, honorofics, politeness markers
attending | affronting/challenging
12
Q
Social Harmony
A
- when participants get along with each other; through meeting face needs or feeling respected
13
Q
Successful Communication
A
- when function and purpose have been achieved and face needs/social harmony have been met
14
Q
Ethonolect | Sociolect | idiolect
A
- ethnolect - a variety of Ae associated with specific ethnic groups
**e.g. wogspeak ** - sociolect - a variety of AE associated with a particular social group such as teenagers
e.g. teenspeak - idiolect - a varity of AE specific to an individual
15
Q
Identity
A
- how who we are can influence and be influenced by language
e.g. personality, interests, beliefs, nationality, age, gender, social group, education
