Other Major Blood Groups Flashcards
What genes are prevalent in the Lewis System?
Lewis (Le)
Secretor (Se)
What are Lewis Antigens produced by?
Tissue cells
Found in Plasma/Body secretions
What adds the L-Fuc to the Type 1 precursor?
Se gene
What adds the L-Fuc to the type 2 precursor?
H gene
What is secreted by Le(a+b-)?
Lea Antigen
What secretes A, B, H substances, and is known at the “True Lewis”?
Le(a-b+)
Where do we see a phenotype of Le(a-b-)?
Newborn
Cord blood
When is Lewis detectable and when does the phenotype officially show?
Detectable at 10 days of life
Phenotype appears in 6-7 years
When can the Lewis antigen dramatically decline?
Pregnancy
What is the biological significance of Lewis?
Peptic Ulcers
Helicobacter Pylori
Where do we find the M and N antigens?
Glycophorin A (GPA)
Positions 1 and 5
Where do we find the S and s antigens?
Glycophorin B (GPB)
What can Anti-S and anti-s cause when binding with complement?
Severe Hemolytic Transfusion
HDFN
What can Anti-U cause when it reacts at 37C and binds complement?
Severe Hemolytic Transfusion
HDFN
What can easily destroy MNS antigens?
Ficin
Papain
Bromelin
Trypsin (Not S & s)
Chymptrypsin (Not M & N)
What is synthesized by the sequential action of Glycosyltransferases?
Antigens
What is a common precursor for the P/Globoside Blood group system?
Lactosylceramide
What is the most common antigen in the P blood group system?
P1 Antigen
What can inhibit P1?
In(lu) type Lu(a-b-)
Rare dominant
What can Anti-P1 cause when it reacts at 37C?
Immediate/Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion
What is another name for Anti-P?
Donath-Landsteiner (IgG)
Powerful Biphasic Hemolysin
What disease is associated with P and Globoside blood group system?
Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH)
E. coli
What can experience a transient episode of acute abrupt hemolysis?
Anti-I
What are the Kell system antigens?
Kpa
Kpb
Jsa
Jsb
What is a rare silent gene (amorph) referred to as the Kell-null phenotype?
K0
Where is the XK gene responsible for Kx protein located?
X chromosome
How is Kx protein linked to the Kell glycoprotein?
Covalently linked
What is the third most clinically significant antibody?
Anti-K
Detected at 37C and AHG phase
Who discovered the weak expression of k, Kpb, and Jsb and what method was used?
Allen and coworkers in 1961
Adsorption-Elution methods
What can invade red cells because of the role that the Fy gene plays?
Plasmodium Vivax
What phenotype is resistant to malaria?
Fy(a-b-)
Lack of the Fy6 receptor
What is well developed at birth and can be destroyed by enzymes like ficin, papain, and bromelin?
Fya and Fyb antigens
What is Duffy not destroyed by?
Neuraminidase
Purified Trypsin
What are RBC’s that are Jk(a-b-) resistant to?
2M Urea
What enzymes can destroy Kidd antigens?
NONE
What is clinically significant about Kidd antibodies?
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
What are the different methods the Lutheran Null Phenotype (a-b-) come about?
Dominant InLu suppressor gene
Recessive LuLu gene
Recessive X-linked gene
What does Anti-Lua display during testing?
Loose, mixed field reaction during in vitro testing
