Other High Glucose States Flashcards
1
Q
How is lactate produced?
A
Glucose
Pyruvate and NADH
(anaerobic conditions)
Lactate and NAD+
2
Q
Where in the cell is lactate produced?
A
cytoplasm
3
Q
Why does type A lactic acidosis occur?
A
hypoxameia
4
Q
When does type B lactic acidosis occur?
A
Liver disease
Metformin reaction
Diabetes
5
Q
What are the symptoms of lactic acidosis?
A
Hyperventilation
Confusion
Stupor/coma
6
Q
What happens to A) bicarbonate B) glucose C) ketones D) phosphate in lactic acidosis?
A
A) Raised
B) Raised
C) Absent
D) Raised
7
Q
What is the equation to work out the anion gap?
A
(Na+ + K+) - (HCO3- + Cl-)
8
Q
What happens to the anion gap in lactic acidosis?
A
High anion gap
9
Q
Where is lactate produced?
A
Red cells
Skeletal muscle
Brain
Renal medulla
10
Q
How is lactate cleared?
A
Uptake by liver
Aerobically converted
pyruvate then glucose
11
Q
How is lactic acidosis treated?
A
Fluids
Antibiotic if needed
Stop underlying cause
