Neck Lumps Flashcards
What are the anatomical structures of the anterior triangle?
mandible superiorly
midline medially
SCM on anterior border
What are the anatomical structures of the posterior triangle?
posterior border SCM anteriorly
anterior border trapezius laterally
clavical inferiorly
What are causes of superficial swellings?
sebaceous cyst
lipoma
neurofibroma
What are causes of midline swellings?
thyroid
thyroglossal cyst
dermoid cyst
How do you assess a midline lump?
does it move on swallowing? (thyroid)
does it move when sticking tongue out? (thyroglossal cyst)
What can cause anterior triangle swellings?
lymph node
branchial cyst
salivary glands
carotid body tumour
What can cause posterior triangle swellings?
lymph nodes
cystic hygroma
what do you look for on inspection of a neck lump?
deformities abnormal movements skin changes (spider nevi, pigmentation, rashes,scars, swellings)
What do you palpate for in a neck lump examination?
thyroid
lymph nodes
salivary glands
How do you assess a neck lump?
position size shape mobility consistency associated lymphadenopathy
What is the most common cause of neck lumps?
lymph nodes
What can cause cervical lymphadenopathy?
infection
malignancy
haematological (leukeamia, lymphoma)
What questions need to be asked in a neck lump Hx?
Systemic symptoms (weight loss, fever, night sweats)
Specific symptoms (cough, dyspnoea, hoarseness)
Background (immigration, travel)
Anatomical location
What else should be looked at when assessing neck lumps?
other nodes
primary sites
hepatosplenomegaly (refer to haematology too)
What investigations should be done of neck lumps?
CXR
FNA
also get ENT opinion
