Other For Exam Flashcards
Differences between multipotent, pluripotent and totipotent?
Multipotent- can develop into more the one cell.
Pluripotent- can give rise to all cell types that make up the body. Eg Embryo cells.
Totipotent- can give rise to all cell types in the body plus extraembryotic or placental cells.
Define homeostasis
The maintenance of a constant internal environment despite changes in our surroundings.
Eg body temp, blood pressure
Define receptor
A sense that responds to a change in the environment.
Define negative feedback and an example
When the response feeds back to and counteracts the change in a variable. Eg fall in body temp leads to shivering which makes you warm again.
Define positive feedback
Increase the deviation from an ideal normal variable eg child birth
Define thermoregulation and example
Control of the body temperature eg airconditioner in summer
Define stimulus
A change in the environment that causes an organism to react.
Define effector
An organ or cell that acts in response to a stimulus.
Difference between glycogen and glucagon
Glycogen- stored for of glucose
Glucagon- a hormone in the pancreas that breaks down glycogen to glucose in the liver.
What is hyperglycaemia
An excess of glucose in the blood stream which is associated with diabetes.
What is hypoglycaemia
Deficiency of glucose in the bloodstream.
How to fix hyperglycaemia (excess glucose)
Pancreas produces less glucagon, glucose moves from bloodstream to store in liver.
Pancreas produces more insulin, more glucose is absorbed by cells
How to fix hypoglycaemia (glucose below normal range)
Pancreas produce more glucagon, converts to glucose and enters bloodstream
Pancreas produce less insulin, less glucose is absorbed by cells
What are stem cells
Cells that are capable of dividing and renewing themselves for long periods.
They can give rise to specialised cells.
What are stem cells
Cells that are capable of dividing and renewing themselves for long periods.
They can give rise to specialised cells.
