Other Fire Flashcards
1
Q
Using Class “A” Foam on
Flammable Liquid Fires w/ Rescue
A
- class “a” should not be used on flammable liquid fires except when there is an immediate rescue
- injected @ 3% thru 1 3/4” w/ TFT, push flames in a direction to facilitate a quick rescue
- class “b” used to back up, 3% micro-blaze out educator 1 3/4” line, roll the surface
- for safety reasons, when class “a” foam is used on class b fires, it SHALL be communicated via radio to incoming units
2
Q
Vehicle fires
The IC ensures the following:
A
- attack crews wear full PPE & SCBA
- 1 3/4” or greater attack line
- vehicles are stabilized
- patent water supply or other extinguishing agents are available as needed
- run-off fuel &/or contaminated water is accounted for and their effects minimized
3
Q
Vehicle fires
Other safety factors:
A
- avoid standing in front of shock absorbing bumpers
- use caution when dealing with combustible metals (mag wheels)
- use caution around fuel filter caps
- large vehicles - additional reesources should be considered
- after incident priority benchmarks, an investigation is conducted
4
Q
Trash & Dumpster Fires
Size-Up Considerations:
A
- hazard, toxic, &/or reactive material
- occupancy of nearby structures and associates use
- possible exposures
- upwind approach
- possible contaminated run-off (containment)
- full PPE & SCBA, IC chooses hose line size based on fire and exposures, IC determines the direction of approach
- possible contaminated equipment
- investigate after benchmarks are met
- IC should make effort to notify RP
5
Q
Carbon Monoxide Alarm Response (DETECT)
Upon arrival, IC and Crew Should:
A
- meet w/ RP to obtain info
- check the structure w/ air monitoring
- check the alarming CO detector for readings and/or codes
- if CO is present, attempt to locate source
6
Q
CO Alarm Response
Above 15 ppm:
A
- the Capt should ask 100 to call utility company
- should evacuate occupants and don SCBA before further investigation
- depending on the CO level, possible cause, and utility ETA, the Capt should determine whether to shut-off gas to the building and/or vent the structure
7
Q
CO is present and utility Company ETA, Capt may decide to go available or clear scene
These requirements should be met:
A
- source of CO has been found
- the utility company is responding w/ ETA
- a peak CO level has been found
- mitigate the leak and ensure levels are decreasing
- RP has been informed of CO hazards
- RP has safe/warm place to wait for utility company
- RP contact info has been gathered
- the Capt follows up with RP
8
Q
If CO levels are less than 15 ppm
A
- Capt should suggest that the RP contact a qualified service person to inspect all appliances
- Capt should ensure the occupancy has an operable CO alarm. If not, install one
9
Q
Hose Loads
Engines SHALL Carry:
A
- 800 ft 5”
- 800 ft 3” supply (minimum)
- 300 ft 2.5” hand line
- 400 ft 1 3/4” hand line
- 200 ft (2x100) 1 3/4” high rise
- 100-200 ft front bumper
- 200 ft booster
- 1 short 25’ of 5”
- 1 short 25’ of 2.5”
- 2 short sections of 3” attached to 5” wye
10
Q
Stored Hose
A
- 400’ of 3”
- 300’ of 2.5”
- 400’ of 1.75”
- 200’ of high rise
11
Q
Single Engine Plane Emergencies
Call Type
A
PLANE
- 1 ambulance
- 2 engines
- 2 trucks
- SO
- BC
- EN10
- Foam 10
Emergent
12
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Unique Hazards:
A
- engines and propellers still running and creating flying debris
- large amount of flammable jet A fuel - require class b foam
- possibility of oxygen tanks on board
- large and spread out debris field
- rule of thumb= fight only the fire that interferes with the rescue
13
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
First Arriving IC:
A
- SHALL establish Command
- size up
- communicate IAP to responding units
14
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Size-Up
A
- determine whether buildings, vehicles, power lines, or people are involved
- determine if it is safe to approach
- determine whether rescue or recovery of Pts is needed
- the amount of fuel that is (or may be) on fire
- size of the area involved (debris field)
15
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
IAP Strategic Considerations:
A
- rescue vs recovery
- offensive vs defensive
- apparatus placement: space for extrication, foam 10, and wind direction
16
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Tactical Considerations:
A
- if immediate rescue is required, class a foam may be used
- extrication necessities must be addressed
17
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Task Considerations:
A
- containment of fuel and foam run-off
18
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Safety Considerations:
A
- air craft fuels: highly flammable, toxic, corrosive
- tires and wheel assembly fires should not be approached from the sides and dry chem is recommended for extinguishment
- 6v, 12v, 24v electrical systems
- air craft material that becomes hazardous when damaged
- air craft may have compressed gas cylinders
19
Q
Single Engine Air Craft Emergencies
Other Considerations:
A
- establish a sustained water supply when using foam 10. May need tenders
- foam lines have limited reach
- maintain b foam blanket
- Loveland rescue has specialized equip and training
- IC SHALL ensure the NTSB has been informed
- termination: scene may be turned over to law enforcement until NTSB or FAA arrive
20
Q
Roadway Safety
Intro
A
- primary objectives: preserving life and preventing injury, protecting property, and restoring traffic flow
- 1st priority: ensure we arrive safely and operate safely
- in order to reduce the risk, emergency personnel must create a safe area to protect themselves and the people they are assisting
21
Q
Roadway Safety
IC should:
A
- evaluate the scene, create a roadway safety plan and take appropriate steps to implement the plan
- IC should also coordinate with other agencies. Dispatch can assist with creating a patch to put other agencies on the same frequency
22
Q
Roadway Safety
Objectives in placing traffic control devices
A
- to warn and safely guide motorists through controlled channels
- each incident must be dealt with on an individual basis
- traffic control zones should be monitored to determine their effectiveness
23
Q
Roadway Safety
Protecting self and crew members
A
- acute awareness of the high risk
- FFs should:
• always look and use caution before opening doors and stepping out of apparatus
• exit apparatus on the side away from traffic
• not walk around apparatus without taking caution
• keep an eye on traffic whenever possible
24
Q
Roadway Safety
FFs should wear high visibility vest when operating on or near:
A
- traffic accidents
- medical emergencies
- public assist
- traffic control
- D/O duties at a fire
- command operations
- IC may require PFA personnel to don vest during a medical emergency loading of a pt on a residential street
25
Q
Roadway Safety
Temporary traffic control zones (TTCZ)
A
- area of the highway where road users conditions are changed because of work zone or an incident
- TTCZ is to provide for reasonable safe and effective movement of road users through or around the work area, while providing a reasonable level of protection to the responders
26
Q
Roadway Safety
TTCZ
5 areas include:
A
- advanced warning
- transition
- buffer
- work
- termination
27
Q
Roadway Safety
Established the work area
A
- begin with the arrival and positioning of the 1st apparatus
- D/O should ensure the buffer space is sufficient and front wheels are turned away from the working area
- apparatus should be parked at angle to direct traffic around the scene
- establish adequate size working area
- if hose lines are required, the engine should be angled so that pump panel is on opposite side of on coming traffic
28
Q
Roadway Safety
Establish work area
Traffic cones
A
- deployed by 1st arriving and expanded
- as transition area using at least 4 cones 1 ft per 1 mph
- multi-apparatus: 1st arriving 4 cones back at a spacing of 25 ft in the taper area. Blocking engine should reset new cones in the transition area 1 ft per 1 mph. Face traffic when placing
29
Q
Roadway Safety
Establish work area
Warning lights
A
- Amber directional provide additional indicator
- during day time, all emergency lights
- at dawn, dusk, and night: should consider turning off headlights and other emergency lighting, except yellow lights and emergency flashers
- command lights should be set up to minimize glare to on-coming traffic
30
Q
Roadway Safety
Blocking apparatus
A
- apparatus > 30,000lbs
- small vehicles as warning vehicles
- position based on speed, ~ 100 ft or more from working area
- use Amber directional and traffic cones
- personnel SHALL exit apparatus and stage in work area or forward positioning apparatus
- IC should consider CDOT blocking apparatus, especially if incident will exceed 30 minutes
- at intersections, block all sides - prioritize blocking
31
Q
Auto blocking
CAD dispatches 2 engines to the following areas
A
- I-25
- 287 from south end of LCR 54G to north end of district
- hwy 14 from Ted’s west to end of PFAs district
- hwy 14 from timberline east to end of PFAs district
- College ave from Harmony RD south to end of PFAs district
- Harmony RD com Ziegler east to end of PFAs district
32
Q
Roadway Safety
Warning vehicles
A
- local traffic speed, weather, surface conditions, topography, view obstructions and roadway design should be considered
- < 30,000lbs
- should be parked on the shoulder
- anywhere from 1/2 mile to 100 yards “upstream”
33
Q
Roadway Safety
Termination or modification of the TTCZ
A
- do not create new hazards
- the most upstream blocking apparatus should be the last to leave
- IC should radio termination or modification of the TTCZ
34
Q
Roadway Safety
Signage
A
- variable message signs on I-25
- CDOT can be contacted directly or through dispatch
- CDOT needs to know the location of the incident, direction of travel, if any lanes are being closed and expected duration
35
Q
Roadway Safety
Road closures
A
- law enforcement should be utilized
- IC should announce when resuming traffic flow
36
Q
Roadway Safety
Weather-related incidents
Increased situational status:
A
- status 1: normal weather
- status 2: reports of multiple accidents, or 2 or more accidents within 30 minutes or less on same roadway
- status 3: high # of incidents district wide or in specific areas of the district have occurred
37
Q
Roadway Safety
Weather related
Actions:
A
- Action 1: standard response
- Action 2: PFA command team is advised. Available rovers are moved to stations with tenders for blocking. Possibly staffing with off-duty personnel
- Action 3: possible IC for entire weather incident. On-call chief should take the remainder of the system
38
Q
Emergent Driving
Intro
A
- Vehicles SHALL be operated in compliance with pertinent provisions of Colorado revised statues ( CRS)
39
Q
Emergent Driving
Authority/Responsibility
A
- all drivers SHALL have a valid driver’s license
- SHALL wear seat belts. SHALL NOT move the vehicle. Captain is responsible
- captain SHALL have responsibility to monitor and provide safe driving practices and to stop unsafe acts
- PFA D/Os SHALL meet the certification requirements
- D/Os SHALL operate within their limits, limits of vehicle, and condition
- drivers SHALL adjust their speed to compensate for conditions
40
Q
Emergent Driving
Responding emergent
A
- should not exceed posted speed by > 20mph
- D/O SHALL be prepared and have ability to stop before entering intersection
- school zone, drivers SHALL NOT exceed posted speed limit. SHALL stop for school buses with lights and stop signal
- D/O SHALL NOT proceed through an activated crossing light
41
Q
Emergent Driving
Tender response
A
- response SHALL be non-emergent unless
• an emergent response requested by IC, BC, or SO
• tender is responding directly behind an engine that is responding emergent
42
Q
Apparatus Placement
Structure fires/alarms
A
- IC should consider the extent and location of the fire and evaluate potential fire spread and building condition
- should avoid placing apparatus in a location where repositioning could not be done easily and quickly, particularly in position with only one way in. Fire apparatus should be considered exposures
43
Q
Apparatus Placement
Truck officer should consider:
A
- extent and location of fire
- most dangerous direction of fire spread
- fire confinement
- exposure conditions
- overhead obstructions
- structural conditions
- 4 stories or less= truck outside
- 5 stories or greater= truck inside
44
Q
Apparatus Placement
Wildland
A
- SHALL NOT be parked over un-burned fuel
- should be placed on previously burned areas, concrete, dirt roads
- consider other hazards as overhead power lines, heavy fuel stands, falling trees, rolling rocks, and in-coming air drops
- position facing the escape route
45
Q
Apparatus Placement
Hazmat
A
- should not be stopped over manhole covers
- should approach the scene upwind/uphill
46
Q
Firefighter Accountability
Intro
A
All personnel are responsible for FF accountability
47
Q
Firefighter Accountability
3 aspects of the PFA accountability system:
A
- chain of command responsibilities
- accountability system
- procedure for accountability
48
Q
Firefighter Accountability
Define unity of command:
A
- means that each responder is to be under the direct supervision of one supervisor; protects safety and helps ensure their accountability
49
Q
Firefighter Accountability
Accountability system: 4 basic components:
A
A. Tactical worksheet: basic personnel log
B. Tacking of elapsed time: IC to evaluate strategic goals and tactical objectives
C. PAR: SHALL be performed:
• when changing ops: offensive - defensive
• after reports of building collapse
• when there is a lost FF
• as determined by IC
D. Emergency traffic: SHALL be used:
• when a lost FF is reported
• in event of confirmed or threatened building collapse
• when changing strategies
50
Q
Firefighter Accountability
The 4 elements of accountability include the following:
A
- defined crew size
- crew identification
- crew staging
- emergency scene tracking: once deployed, the IC SHALL track crews for accountability
51
Q
Firefighter Accountability
Other accountability expectations:
A
- crews SHALL be tracked based on assignment and time in-time out
- crew SHALL communicate with IC when enter and exit
- group or division sup should know position, progress, needs of crews
- captain SHALL stay in visual, voice, touch, radio
- IC SHALL stay in radio contact with group sup
52
Q
Emergency Scene Perimeter
All personnel entering the area SHALL:
A
- wear PPE
- have crew intact with portable radio
- be assigned to a group or division, and/or have an assignment or directive from command
- have a SO watching personnel working within the perimeter
53
Q
Emergency Evacuation and Signaling
A
- emergency evacuation signals are a combination of “emergency traffic” notification and short blasts on a fire apparatus horn
• 3 short blasts (1 second each)
54
Q
Emergency Evacuation Procedures
SHALL include:
A
- command broadcast or directs 100 to broadcast, the “emergency traffic” tone over all pertinent frequencies
- command announces the need for immediate evacuation
- command then directs to signal 3 short blast
- all supervisors immediately evacuate their crews from the structure or area of danger. Hose lines left in place to help direct crews out unless needed for egress
- once outside the danger zone, all supervisors conduct a PAR
- if unable to complete PAR, evacuation procedure SHALL be repeated
55
Q
SCBA
Ops in the following:
A
- active fire
- directly above fire
- a potential explosive or fire area, including gas leaks and fuel spills
- where combustible products are visible
- invisible contaminants (CO or HCN) are suspected
- toxic products are present or may be released without warning
- SHALL be worn until 0 ppm. IC SHALL be responsible
56
Q
SCBA
PAPRs and Filters
A
- extended work on collapse zone
- extended work in a pt triage where bsi concerns exceed those of normal precautions
- extended work in a hazmat Decon corridor where the hazmat involved is a particulate (asbestos, powder, etc)
57
Q
Personnel Rehab
Establishing:
A
- the logistics section oversees rehab
- if no logistics, the staging area manager
- maintain accountability, enter and exit as a crew
- personnel are not to leave rehab area until authorized by rehab leader or SAM
58
Q
Rehab
Rest:
A
- after every 45 minutes or whenever deplete 2 air cylinders
59
Q
Rehab
PFA adheres to the following exam results and actions
A
- if heart rate exceeds 110 beats per minute, an oral or tympanic temp should be taken
- if temp exceeds 100.6 f, FF should remove PPE
- if temp is below 100.6 f, and Heart rate remains above 110 bpm, rehab time should be increased
- if < 110 bpm, the chance for heat stress is negligible
60
Q
ISO
The following conditions require an ISO to be assigned:
A
- a second or greater alarm incident
- a FF injury requires transport of LODD occurs
- whenever FF must take extreme risks of the IC wants to delegate the safety responsibilities
61
Q
ISO
Ensures or evaluates the following:
A
- monitor the scene and provides the IC with reports on conditions, hazards, risks
- make sure an accountability system is in place
- determines need for collapse zones, hot zones, and or safety zones. Ensures these are known to all personnel.
- ensure rapid intervention crews is in place
- advise IC on the potential for collapse or fire extension, rapid fire progress, and access egress
- ensure rehab has been established
- monitor vehicle traffic near an incident to ensure the safety of responders
62
Q
Radio communications
VHF
A
- VHF bendix King pack set: the top left toggle switch should be in the high wattage (5 watt) for best results
- VHF pack set battery is non-rechargeable. Batteries need to be replaced when voltage drops below 12 volts
63
Q
Radio communications
FFs not able to get out urgent message:
A
- the operator should select channel 16 and contact the IC, who SHALL be monitoring this channel
- after completion of the feed back loop, they should return to the assigned tactical talk group
- pack set failure due to interior building position = direct 1 channel 16
64
Q
Radio communications
Patching
A
- 100 can patch 800 talk groups. Ex PFA and FCPS
- LCSO dispatch (900) can also patch some talk groups and VHF
- PECC (100) is unable to patch 800 and VHF
