Other Facts Flashcards
Impact of Andover scandal
. 1847 - poor law commission abandoned for poor law board
. Did not stop workhouses being built -1851-1866 another 100 built
Cost of a workhouse in 1835
E.g workhouse in Banbury housed 300 people built in 1835 cost £6,200
Amount of poor relief in the north and south
1802-1803 ten percent received relief in N and 23% in S
Royal commission
. Established in 1832
. 9 commissioners inc. Edwin Chadwick
Thomas Malthus
Believed poor families should have fewer children to preserve the food supply
Thomas Paine
Rights of Man - pension provision for those over 50 and child benefits of £4 a year per child under 14 for 250,000 families
Experience of women and children
. By 1821, 49% of working population were children under 20
. 1859 in Wigan a 13 year old girl got her hand caught in the machines, lost her fingers and was sacked
. By 1842, 1/3 of mining force children under 19
Impact of Second Reform Act
. Conservatives lost next election
. More than 2.46 million voters - impossible to corrupt
. Political power shifted from wealthiest to largest section of society
Growth of banking
. 1784 - 119 banks in britain
.1808 - 800 banks in britain
How many British ships took part in the slave trade?
About 10,000 voyages
How many people were taken out of Africa
10-12 million people over a 200 year period
How many died on slave ships
15%
How much space did slaves have on the middle passage?
4 square feet
Average life expectancy for a slave on a sugar plantation
23
How many refused to buy sugar
Between 300,000 and 400,000 people mainly women refused to buy sugar during the abolition campaign
Hannah Moore
. In 1787, she met John Newton and the ‘Clapham Sect’
. She became firm friends with Wilberforce.
Women in the abolition society
. 10% of the 1787-8 subscribers were women.
. By 1788, the Abolition Society had 206 female subscribers
Why did Adam Smith say slavery was inefficient?
Slave owners had to purchase and maintain slaves year after year as they had a high mortality rate
Why did Smith say it was cheaper if slavery was abolished?
Wage labour economy - cheaper to pay a low wage than provide for and buy new slaves
Britain’s sugar consumption
. Britain’s annual per capita consumption of sugar was 4lbs in 1704, 18lbs in 1800, 90lbs in 1901 - a 22-fold increase to the point where Britons had the highest sugar intake in Europe.
. Time with biggest increase is when slavery was abolished
Slave cost rise
. Price of buying slaves in Arica reached £25 in 1800
. Price for selling slaves in the Americas had not risen as quickly, only £35
Enlightenment
The right of one human being to own another
How many petitions were submitted to parliament in 1788 and 1793 - how many names?
102 petitions against the slave trade were submitted to Parliament in 1788, rising to 519 in 1792 totalling over 400,000 names
How many in Manchester supported Wilberforce’s first bill?
Over 10,000 signatures, further petition in 1792 attracted double the number of signatures
How did the American War of Independence help the abolition cause?
. The War of Independence left behind a new political atmosphere where people thought more about human experience
. The loss of an important colony meant their was soul searching in Britain about the failings of slavery
What % of ships experienced an insurrection?
10%
Average amount of slave revolts on the Carribean
2 per year between 1789-1815
