Other drugs used in asthma and COPD Flashcards
how do Leukotriene receptors antagonists (LTRAs) work?
by blocking the effect of the cysteinyl leukotrienes in airways (LTC4, LTD4,LTE3)
what type of asthma is it effective for?
against allergic and non allergic asthma
how does the antagonists work?
they relax the airways and work as an addictive effect with corticosteroids but not used for COPD
where are the cysteinyl leukotriene receptors present?
on both the airway smooth muscle and infiltrating immune cells
what does blocking the cysteinyl leukotriene 1 receptor do?
work by decreasing the early and late response to allergens in asthma and prevents smooth muscle constriction and migration of eosinophils into the airways.
what mechanism of action do they have?
both bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects
what drug is used for this class as a LTRA? and what drug formulation are they in?
Montelukast and are all oral formualtions
what are some consideration for using LTRA?
- for neuropsychiatric reactions e.g. depression obsessive compulsive symptoms and speech impairment
- churg-Strauss syndrome= inflammation of blood vessels
what kind of effect do xanthines have?
bronchodilators and have no rapid effect as they are less potent than beta 2-agonists
what drugs are used as xanthines?
theophylline and aminophylline
what are some safety precautions for theophylline?
it has a narrow therapeutic window so blood test are needed regularly, toxicity warning is in the form of nausea and vomiting
