other drug delivery technology

Question 1

what are some advantages and disadvantages of parental delivery?

Answer 1

ADs:

• low cost?
• Can delivery almost all molecules
• fast onest of action

Disad:

• Safety disposal of needle
• Required technical skills
• Patient compliance
• Cannot be administered by patients themselves

Question 2

what are some ads and disads for oral delivery?

Answer 2

Ads:

• Convenient
• can be administered by patients
• pain free

Disads:

• Passes first pass metabolism
• reduced bioavailability

Question 3

what are the requirements for microneedles?

Answer 3

• Small enough to deliver any drug
• small enough to avoid pain
• specific delivery to localised area

Question 4

what are the different types of microneedles and how do they work?

Answer 4

• Solid: delivers the drug
• Dissolving: the needles dissolves within target site
• Hollow: delivers drug through the needle
• Coated: coats the surface

Question 5

what materials are used for microneedle fabrication?

Answer 5

• Polymer
• Metal
• Silicon

Question 6

give examples of drugs delivered using microneedles?

Answer 6

• Insulin

- DNA vaccines

Question 7

microbubles are potentially used for drug delivery as a non invasive delivery system. TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

microbubbles are traditionally used as contrats agents for diagnostic ultrasound. TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

how are drugs incorporated into the microbuble?

Answer 9

• Binding of the drug to microbuble shell

- attachment at site specific ligand

Question 10

what is the mechanism of action for microbubles?

Answer 10

• Essentially microbubbules are destroyed by ultrasound

Question 11

how do microbubles deliver drugs?

Answer 11

• Using either breakdown of bubble

- sonoporation

Question 12

what is sonoporation?

Answer 12

• the use of ultrasound to modify the permeability of cell membranes

Question 13

what has been delivered using microbubbles?

Answer 13

• Plasmid

- Chemotherapeutics

Question 14

what is electroporation?

Answer 14

• Using an electrical pulse to create temporary pores in cell membranes

Question 15

what are hydrogels?

Answer 15

• they are polymer networks extensively swollen with water

Question 16

hydrogels posses a degree of flexibility due to their large water content. TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

how are hydrogels classified?

Answer 17

• Natural or synthetic
• polymer composition
• charge: ionic/ non-ionic/ zwitterion
• Physical state : amorphous or crystalline

Question 18

hydrogel polymer composition could be homopolymeric and copolymeric. TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

hwo are hydrogels formed?

Answer 19

• By linking chains via chemical reactions
• ionisation radiation
• physical interactions

Question 20

hydrogels can swell or de-swell depending on the surrounding environment resulting in volume phase transition. TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

High water content results in rapid release of drugs from the gel matrix. TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

what are the strategies of reducing drug release from the gel?

Answer 22

• By drug-hydrogel interactions
• physical interactions
• Covalent bonding
• Gel network engineering

Question 23

what are scaffolds?

Answer 23

• They are highly porous scaffold biomaterials

Question 24

scaffolds acts as templates for tissue engineering. TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

what are the types of polymeric scaffolds?

Answer 25

• 3 dimentional porous matrix
• nanofibrous matrix
• porous microsphere

Question 26

Scaffold matrices can be used to achieve drug delivery with high loading capacity and efficiency with high site specificity. TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 26

TRUE

Question 27

How are drugs incorporated into scaffolds?

Answer 27

• Physically incorporated into pores
• phyically coated scaffolds
• chemical conjugation into pores