Other Biomedical Applications: Study Guide

Question 1

Name an alloy that is preferred for use in dental applications for root implants?

Answer 1

Titanium

Question 2

Describe challenges of traditional drug delivery.

Answer 2

• Lack of control on drug distribution in the body
• Lack of control on biological effects
• Unable to use these methods for advanced therapeutic methods`

Question 3

What is the purpose for use of a dental brace

Answer 3

Correct flaws of teeth and jaw. \

• Align and straighten teeth.

Question 4

State two requirements of a potential material for its application as a dental brace

Answer 4

• Aesthetic performance
• Mechanical performance
• Corrosion resistance

Question 5

What is the difference between a visual prosthesis and an ocular prosthesis?

Answer 5

1. Visual Prosthetic: A functioning implant designed to restore sight. 2. Ocular Prosthetic: A non-functioning cosmetic replacement for a lost eye

Question 6

What is a cochlear implant

Answer 6

A cochlear implant is a surgically implanted device that helps (profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing) overcome problems in the inner ear, or cochlea.

Question 7

What are the two primary type of contact lenses.

Answer 7

soft lenses and “rigid gas permeable” lense

Question 8

What are the functions of dental sealants?

Answer 8

-preventing tooth decay it acts as a physical Barrier

**Dental sealants are a noninvasive means of preserving tooth structure and at the same time preventing dental decay.

Question 9

State and describe three ethical issues in development of new biomaterials.

Answer 9

1. animal testing- data obtained justifies the suffering and sacrifice of a living creature
2. Organ transplants, stem cells and cloning.— donors arent forced to donating organs, many view stem cell research against “the laws of nature”
3. industrial involvement- insuring that the industry or business doesn’t push a product through the market with out assuring it is safe and works correctly. Often it come into play because they will try to get a device out ASAP to turn a greater profit

Question 10

What are intraocular lens and why are they used

Answer 10

An intraocular lens (IOL) is a lens implanted in the eye …and is used to treat cataracts

Question 11

Define Biosensors

Answer 11

any device that uses specific biochemical reactions to detect chemical compounds in biological samples

Question 12

State and briefly describe the components of a biosensor

Answer 12

iv. Analyte – what you want to detect
1. Molecule – protein, toxin, peptide, vitamin, sugar, metal ion

. Sample handling – how to deliver the analyte to the sensitive region
1. Microfluidics – concentration increase/decrease, filtration/selection

vi. Detection/Recognition – how do you specifically recognize the analyte?
vii. Signal – how do you know there was a detection?