Host Response: Study Guide Flashcards
what is the sequence of hose reactions following implantation of medical devices?
Injury • Blood-material interactions • Provisional matrix formation • Acute inflammation • Chronic inflammation • Granulation tissue • Foreign-body reaction • Fibrous capsule development
what is resolution?
when presence of implant prevents attainment of original condition but a steady state in attained. this state is called resolution
what is the objective of blood clotting?
to form a patch that isolates the leak and stops blood loss
what is the difference between immunity and allergy
immunity- is the property of being secure or nonsusceptible to the adverse effects of foreign agents
allergy- is the property of being especially senstive (or hypersensitive) to foreign agents
when is blood coagulation good
??? when they slow/halt blood flow to prevent to much blood loss
name 3 cells that actively take part in the sequence of local events following implatations
polymorphonuclear leukocytes-acute inflamation
monocytes (macrophage and lymphocytes—- chronic inflamation
fibroblast—- new blood capilaries
what are granulocytes
any blood cell containing specific granules (e.g. neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils)
give two characteristics of platelets
- little plates, non nucleated- disc-shape cell
- produced in bone marrow
- circulate in blood
- lifespan: 10 days
what is a leukocyte?
: a colorless (white) blood cell capable of ameboid movement (e.g. lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes)
firbrinolytic system removes unwanted ____deposits to improve blood flow and facilitate healing process
fibrin
___ is the first in the sequence of host reaction following implantation of medical devices
injury
what is the body’s response to damaged blood vessels?
blood clotting
what are platelets? state two functions of ‘platelets’ as its relates to the process of blood coagulation
are non nucleated disc–shaped cells that are produced in the bone marrow.. they circulate throughout the blood and have a lifespan of 10 days
functions-
- arrest bleeding through formation of platelet plugs
- stabilize platelet plugs by coagulation reactions, leading to formation of fibrin
what is tumorigensis
the production or development of tumors
what is the sequence of host reactions after implantation of medical devices?
- Injury
- Blood-material interactions
- Provisional matrix formation
- Acute inflammation
- Chronic inflammation
- Granulation tissue
- Foreign-body reaction
- Fibrous capsule development
differentiate between cell mediated and humoral immune response mechanisms
– humoral (humor=fluid)
• soluble antibodies freely circulating
– cell-mediated
• antibodies attached on the cell walls
state two drawbacks of antibiotic impregnated implants
–appropriate antibiotic:=
late infection is produced by a range of bacteria
–antibiotic sensitivity=the removal of the implant
–antibiotic penetration= may not be efficient
–chronic use =
of antibiotics leads to more resistant virulent strains
describe two causes for implanted device related infection
S. Epidermis (human skin bacteria)- primary cause of infection of implanted polymeric biomaterials….. artifical heart joints, total joints, catheter
S. aureus.- is a major pathogen isolated from metallic-related and soft tissue infenctions
P.aeruginosa- is the primary pathogen of specal sites such as….. contact lenses, total artificial hearts
differentiate between benign and malignant tumors
Benign- do not pentrate adjacent tissue, nor do they metastasized( spread to distant sites)
malignant- tend to invade adjacent tissues, metastasize via blood and lymph vessels
