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CompTIA Network+ > Other > Flashcards

Other Flashcards

1
Q

Fiber optic cabling

A

Types:

  1. multimode = carry LED signals
  2. single-mode = carry laser signals (can support longer run lengths than multimode can)
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2
Q

Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM)

A

uses different carrier signals operating at different frequencies to transmit different streams

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3
Q

Time-division multiplexing (TDM)

A

breaks each conversation into different frames called time slots, which take turns using a single shared channel

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4
Q

Space-division multiplexing (SDM)

A

uses multiple parallel physical connectors to transmit different streams

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5
Q

Network and Troubleshooting Model

A
  1. Identify problem
  2. Establish theory of probably cause
  3. Test theory to determine cause
  4. Establish plan of action to resolve problem
  5. Implement solution or escalate
  6. Verify full system functionality and preventative measures
  7. Document findings, actions, and outcomes
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6
Q

Troubleshooting Phases

A
  1. Identification (learning that there’s a problem)
  2. Diagnosis (determine extent and root cause of problem)
  3. Resolution (plan and implement fix)
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7
Q

Bus Topology

A

single common shared cable

  • first ever topology
  • physical and logical topologies match
  • not secure
  • not scalable
  • not fault tolerant
  • access method: Ethernet + CSMA/CD
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8
Q

Ring Topology

A

bus wrapped in on itself

  • token passing: access method
  • not fault tolerant
  • not secure
  • not scalable
  • guaranteed bandwidth / throughput when you had token
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9
Q

Star Topology

A

easier to add new devices than bus

  • physical star, logical bus
  • single node fault tolerance
  • single point of failure: hub
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10
Q

Mesh Topology

A

high availability

# endpoints = n (n - 1)
# links = (# endpoints) / 2
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11
Q

Cable tests

A

ex: wiremap, continuity, cable length

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12
Q

Toner probe

A
  • plays sound through wire

- useful for unlabeled wires

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13
Q

Time-Domain Reflectometer (TDR)

A
  • tells you how long cable is
  • can use to tell where break in line is
  • OTDR is used for fiber optic
  • cable certifier is used for copper
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14
Q

IEEE 802.11

A

WiFi

  • half-duplex
  • 2.4 or 5 GHz
  • uses DSSS, OFDM, or MIMO-OFDM
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15
Q

IEEE 802.11a

A

frequency = 5 GHz
data rate = 54 Mbps
modulation = OFDM
MIMO streams = N/A

less chance of interference due to 5.0 band

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16
Q

IEEE 802.11ac

A

frequency = 5 GHz
data rate = 1 Gbps+++
modulation = MIMO-OFDM
MIMO streams = 8

MU-MIMO increases throughput

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17
Q

IEEE 802.11b

A

frequency = 2.4 GHz
data rate = 11 Mbps
modulation = DSSS (direct sequence spread spectrum)
MIMO streams = N/A

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18
Q

IEEE 802.11g

A

frequency = 2.4 GHz
data rate = 54 Mbps
modulation = OFDM
MIMO streams = N/A

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19
Q

IEEE 802.11n

A

frequency = 2.4 / 5 GHz
data rate = 108 - 300 Mbps
modulation = MIMO-OFDM
MIMO streams = 4

introduced channels to MIMO

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20
Q

IEEE 802.2

A

ethernet

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21
Q

IEEE 802.3af

A

Power over Ethernet
(also 802.3at)

PoE = 802.3af @ 15.4 Watts
PoE+ = 802.3at @ 31 Watts
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22
Q

Security Policies

A

documents with broad overview statements

ex: Acceptable Use Policy (AUP), Remote Access Policy, password policy, IT Safety Policy, NDA, License Restriction, International Export Control, Network Use Policy

23
Q

Posture assessment

A

Cisco service that allows you to check the state, AKA posture, of all the endpoints that are connecting to a network for compliance w/corporate security policies

  • allows you to control clients access to protected areas of network
24
Q

cable modem

A

connects to internet via coax cable with F-type connector

- used for DSL

25
Q

Windows logs

A
  1. Application
  2. Security
  3. Setup
  4. System / General
  5. Forwarded Events
26
Q

NAT routers

A
  • replace source IP address with its IP address

- restore original IP header when a response comes back so that the results can be sent to the originator

27
Q

Inter-VLAN Routing

A

is implemented in switches to enable communication between VLANs

28
Q

Route Metric Elements

A
  • MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) size
  • cost
  • bandwidth
  • hop count
  • latency
29
Q

multicast

A

244.x.x.x
used to distribute data to multiple recipients

ex: audio / video streaming broadcasts

30
Q

hypervisor

A

computer software, firmware, or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines

type 1 = runs directly on hardware independent of host OS (bare metal)

type 2 = runs on top of OS (hosted)

31
Q

Ethernet Frame # of Bytes

A

1,500 Bytes

Jumbo frame = 9,000 Bytes

32
Q

socket

A

IP + port #

33
Q

straight through cable

A

connect unlike devices

ex:
PC - hub,
PC - switch,
switch - router

34
Q

rollover cable

A

console cable
- used to manage network device

ex:
(DB-9) serial port console router switch/RJ45
(USB) (RJ-45)
(USB) (USB)

35
Q

crossover cable

A

connect like devices

ex:
PC-PC
hub-hub
switch-switch
hub-switch
PC-router data port
36
Q

dial-up

A
  • requires a modem
  • connects to internet via phone #
  • uses PPP
  • is slow
37
Q

default gateway

A

IP address of the router interface that connects to the LAN

AKA: how to get to the Internet

38
Q

types of firewalls

A
  1. stateless: use pattern analysis and heuristics

2. stateful: examine each packet

39
Q

symmetric encryption

A

same key to encrypt and decrypt

ex: AES, DES, RC4, IDEA, Blowfish

40
Q

asymmetric encryption

A

public + private keys

public key encrypts
private key decrypts
key pair = public + private keys

ex: RSA, Elliptic curve crypto, Diffie-Hellman key exchange

41
Q

ping of death

A

ICMP packet larger than normal errored routes

42
Q

smurf attack

A

broadcast where sender is spoofed victim

43
Q

packet switching technologies

A
  1. Frame Relay - phased out for ATM
  2. ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) - being phased out
  3. MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) - most common today

mainly used by ISPs

44
Q

half-duplex

A

can’t send and receive at the same time

45
Q

full-duplex

A

can send and receive at the same time

46
Q

broadband

A

can carry multiple signals at once

47
Q

baseband

A

only carries 1 signal at a time (1 signal consumes entire bandwidth)

48
Q

2 main routing protocols

A
  1. interior

2. exterior

49
Q

interior routing protocols

A
  1. distance vector protocol (IGRP, RIP, RIPv2, RIPng)
  2. Link State Protocol (OSPF, IS-IS)
  3. hybrid (EIGRP)
50
Q

exterior routing protocol

A

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)

  • AS (autonomous system)
  • Path Vector
51
Q

multi-modal distortion / modal dispersion

A

distortion mechanism occurring in multi-mode fiber optic cable in which the signal is spread in time because the propagation velocity of the signal is not the same for all modes

52
Q

DHCP Relay

A

enables a single DHCP server to service more than one broadcast domain

53
Q

SNMP PDUs

A 
get
set
trap
response
walk

sent between NMS (running on SNMP manager) and managed devices (using MIB)

54
Q

HOSTS file location

A

C:\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc

CompTIA Network+ (8 decks)

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