Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Periop > Other > Flashcards

Other Flashcards

1
Q

UGI bleed

A

High urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Stomas and mx

A

Colostomy- LHS, formed stool, no spout

Ileostomy- RHS, loose stool, spouted due to alk conts irrit skin, dehyd risk, often give loperamide and fluid restric.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anterior resection

A

Can anast immed.
Indics- L side CA, healthy bowel
Temp stoma somet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diversion stoma

A

Eg for clean surg

Temp or perm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hartmanns

Ant resection and end colostomy

A

Indications- L side CA, diverticulitis
Stoma as cant anast with inflamm/contam, decr BS, pt facs (imm comprom, steroids, DM etc).
Might be perm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fentanyl AE

A

Drop BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

base excess

A

Metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Right hemicolectomy

A

Reomove ileum to part of TC

Indication- R side CA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sub total colectomy

A

Rectum preserved

Can anast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pan procto colectomy

A

Remove rectum and anus

End ileostomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

APER

Abdomino perineal excision of rectum

A

Indication- very distal rectal CA

Stitched back passage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

colonoscopy indications

A

Bleed
Anaemia, Fe defic
Volvulus
Susp polyp/CA for remov/biop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

colonoscopy risks

A

Perforation- higher risk if colitis, large polpectomy, heavy sedat
Bleed- more comm than perf esp with polypectomy
Missing a small CA or polyp
Fail to reach caecum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

polypectomy

A

Injec dye, adrenaline and gelofusine
Lifts away from musc layer
Then snare.
This is endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bowel CA screening

A 
Low pick up rate
Age 60 plus
FOB test ev 2 yr til 75yo
Positive result then go for colonoscopy
Now bowel scope screen for over 55s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

WHO screen criteria

A 
Important prob
Recognisable latent or early symp stage
Nat hx known
Accepted tx
Accurate test
Acceptable
Policy on who to tx
Facils for dx and tx
Econ balanced
Contin process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adjuvant chemo

A

Us only if dukes C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Epidural risks

A

N damage, bruising
Epidural haematoma esp if eg anticoag, can cause comp
Hypot, more comm with spinals. Give phenylephirine infus to vasocontrict.
Infec eg abcess. More comm in epi than spinal.
Subdural space- patchy block.
Dural punc- CSF leak, reduc press, postural headache. Mx- PK, hydration, epidural blood patch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

LA s/e

A

Allergy

Toxicity- if too much abs eg BV damage. Fits, LOC, RSD, CVS collapse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Opiate s/e

A

Nausea
Constipat
RSD
Itching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Epidural and spinal

A 
Numb from T4 down
Spinala ccording to dose and posit
T4 blocks some of chest wall musc
Total spinal block if too high
CSC- combined, lasts longer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

LA

A

Regional
N block
Local infilt

23
Q

NG loss

A

Aspiration to check abs levels

24
Q

Sepsis

A

Vasodilat
Give fluid resus and vasocontrictors
Resulting oedema, then need to mx this, alb and diuretics.

25
Q

CPAP

A

Press ag exhalation

Opens collapsed small airways

26
Q

Ionotropes and pressins

A

-

27
Q

ECG

A

Axis- leave/reach in V1 and aVF

28
Q

Central venous catheter

A 
R IJV shorter than L
Can do R subclavian- more risk pneumothorax
Rarely femoral- risk infec and hidden
Flush and head down to prev air embol
CXR- check for pneumothorax, psoit
Stay in max 10d
29
Q

PIC line

Peripherally inserted cannula

A

Used mainly for TPN
Also chemo
Stay in for up to 6wk

30
Q

midline

A

Shorter

Used for eg AB, fluids, drugs if LT admission.

31
Q

hickman

A

Porter cath under skin

32
Q

IPE ischaemic bowel

A

Hx- eld, CVS hx (AF, PVD, atherosclerosis), bloody diarr due to nec, diffuse or non specif pain, high lactate
Can lead to perf then peritonitis and sepsis
High mort
Early sign cramp after eat

33
Q

blood gas

A

Arterial gas if resp fail
Venous gas if no concern resp fail- diff interp of pO2, pCO2 and sats.
Base excess- very neg means TOO MUCH ACID
Important things- pH 7.35-45, pCO2, pO2, lactate, base excess, HCO3.
PH low and CO2 high means resp acidosis
Both low means metab acidosis
Lactate norm 0.4-0.8- indics tiss perfus. High in eg sepsis, isch bowel, DKA.
Look at base excess with lactate
HCO3 slow resp by kidn to chronic CO2 reten

34
Q

Hypoxia

A

Hypoventil- reduc hypox drive, RD, CVA

Resp causes- asthma, pneum, PE, consolid, pthorax, sepsis.

35
Q

acidosis mx

A

Fluid
BP
Infec source control

36
Q

Chest drains

A

Safe space- 2nd ICS mid clavic fo tension pthroax, 5th ICS mid ax.
NV bundle in on underside of rib, so insert over top of rib.
Seldinger tech uses guide wire.

37
Q

C diff

A

Gram pos
RF- clindamycin, cephalosporins
Mx- metronidazole, vanco 2nd line

38
Q

R colon CA px

A

Bleeding
Anaemia
Not us bowel change

39
Q

L colon CA px

A

Hard stool
Then overflow diarr
Cyclical

40
Q

LI obstruc causes

A 
Neoplasia- benign or malig
Stricture- inflamm eg divertic, IBD
Volvulus
Infec
Impaction
Hernia
Intussusception
Ext comp
41
Q

LI obstruc mx emergency

Mx framework for everything

A

Hx, exam
Resus
Init assess- reviwe images, prev surg etc, NBM, NGT, analgesia, fluids
Imaging- AXR, erect CXR, CT abdo pelvis plus IV dye

42
Q

Splenectomy

A

Risk encaps infec eh pneumococcus, haemphilus, meningococcus.
Mx- vaccines for the above, prophylactic penV
High risk malaria if travel.

43
Q

Prep before colonoscopy

A

Bowel prep laxative- stimulant or osmotic

44
Q

Prep before siggy

A

Enema

45
Q

bowel N supply

A

No pain Rs

Stretch Rs so inflation and str causes pain

46
Q

Endoscopy meds

A

Midazolam- amnesia
Fantanyl short acting
Occas use entonox- but delay onset and reduc coop

47
Q

Bowel prep caution if

A

Renal disease
HF
Immobile

48
Q

pyloric sten causes

A

CA
Duod ulcer
Hypertrophy in babies
ZE

49
Q

NV and diarr

A

Hypochloraemic alkalosis

HypoK

50
Q

Gastric outlet obstruc signs

A

Distension
Projectile high vol vomit
Succussion splash

51
Q

Stomach region functions

A

Body and cardia produce acid

Antrum prods gastrin

52
Q

HypoK causes

A 
Chronic kidney dis
Diuretics
Vomiting
Aldosteronism
DKA
Diarr
Excesisve alc
53
Q

Tympanitic on percussion

Resonant throughout

A

Gas in LI

Pneumoperitoneum

Periop (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions