OTHER

Question 1

4 Principles of a PE

Answer 1

Inspect
Palpate
Percuss
Auscultate

• Exception is on Abd exam where you auscultate prior to palpating

Question 2

Upper Motor Neuron Disease

Answer 2

Stroke/ Brain Injury
Ex) Pronator Drift, Finger Squeeze, Thumb Opposition
C5 Deltoid, C6 Bicep, C7 Tricep, Wrist Ext/Flex 6, 7

Question 3

Lower Motor Neuron Disease

Answer 3

Spinal cord / peripheral nerve or muscle

L2 Hip Flex, L3 Add, L4 Ab

Question 4

Motor Exam Grade

Answer 4

0/5- no movement
3/5- pt able to move against gravity
5/5- normal

Question 5

Spinothalamic Tract

Answer 5

Pain

Temperature

Question 6

Dorsal (Posterior) Column

Answer 6

Posterior –> Position + Vibratory

*move the finger up? or down?

Question 7

Cerebellar Ataxia

Answer 7

Romberg Test (Tests Position Sense NOT Cerebellar Fun)

1) Vision
2) Equilibrium
3) Proprioception (position sense)

Question 8

Grades for DTR’s

Answer 8

0/4- no reflex
2/4- normal
4/4- hyperreflexia

Question 9

Babinski

Answer 9

Upgoing (BAD *unless you are a baby) + Babinski

Down-going (GOOD)

Question 10

Cerebellar Testing

Answer 10

RAM’s
FNF
HKS

Question 11

Kernigs Sign

Answer 11

Flex hip and knee- straighten knee pt will resist and note pain behind the knee
kernig–knee

Question 12

Brudzinski

Answer 12

Flex neck and patient will draw up hips and knees

*zinski- swan ab move

Question 13

Vit A deficiency

Answer 13

night blindness

Question 14

Vit E deficiency

Answer 14

decreased proprioception

Question 15

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer 15

Cheilosis

Koilonychia (spoon nails)

Question 16

PE finding consistent with L5-S1 herniated disk

Answer 16

Depression of Achilles Tendon

Question 17

peyronie’s dz

Answer 17

penile fibrosis

Question 18

Balanitis

Answer 18

inflam of the head/glans of the penis

Question 19

urine metanephrines

Answer 19

increased catecholamines d/t pheochromocytoma

Question 20

hyperaldosteronism

Answer 20

conn's syndrome Tx: Surgery 
Excess secretion of aldosterone
S/S: HTN, hypo K, 
B/l adrenal hyperplasia
Tx: Spironolactone

Question 21

hypoaldosteronism

Answer 21

Addison’s Disease
Dx: ACTH stimulation test
S/S: weakness/ WL, hyperpigmentation/ hypotension, hypo Na
Tx: steroids for life

Question 22

Anti-mitocondrial antibodies

Answer 22

primary biliary cirrhosis

Question 23

Schistocytes

Answer 23

Hemolytic Anemias

Question 24

Dx test for mono

Answer 24

heterophile antibody test or monospot

Question 25

Reye’s syndrome

Answer 25

• Fatty liver w/ encephalopathy
• Complication of viral illness w/ the use of ASA
• NH3, LFTs, hypoglycemia, and prolong prothrombin time

Question 26

prenatal dx of spina bifida

Answer 26

Alpha fetoprotein

Question 27

Dx of Gonorrhea

Answer 27

culture the endocervix

Question 28

Moth-eaten bone destruction

Answer 28

osteomyelitis / bone CA’s

Question 29

MC abnormality in BN

Answer 29

Hypo K+

metabolic alkalosis

Question 30

Pleural thickening

Answer 30

mesothelioma