Other

Question 1

How should you form a paragraph in a 12-mark question?

Answer 1

Point, Evidence, Explain, Evaluate, Link. (PEEEL)

Question 2

What is primary data?

Answer 2

Data that is gathered first hand by the sociologist.

Question 3

what is secondary data?

Answer 3

Data that has been collected by somebody else.

Question 4

What is qualitative data?

Answer 4

Specific data based on quality

Question 5

What is quantitative data?

Answer 5

Large non-specific data.

Question 6

What are closed questions?

Answer 6

Questions with fixed responses such as yes or no.

Question 7

What are open questions?

Answer 7

Questions that allow the participant to have more freedom in their response.

Question 8

What are questionaires?

Answer 8

a list if questions where the respondent writes the answers themselves.

Question 9

What is an interview?

Answer 9

Questions and answers are given verbally.

Question 10

What is an observation?

Answer 10

People’s behaviour is watched, this can be participant (the researcher joins in) or non-participant.

Question 11

What makes research representative?

Answer 11

Using data from a wide variety of people from different races, gender, class etc.

Question 12

What makes research reliable?

Answer 12

Anybody using this method would end up with the same results.

Question 13

What makes research valid?

Answer 13

The research portrays a true picture of what is being studied.

Question 14

What are two advantages of questionnaires?

Answer 14

It’s a quick and easy way to get data with high representativeness. As the participant is alone, the researcher cannot impact the participant’s answers.

Question 14

What are two advantages of questionnaires?

Answer 14

It’s a quick and easy way to get data with high representativeness. As the participant is alone, the researcher cannot impact the participant’s answers.

Question 15

What are two disadvantages to questionnaires?

Answer 15

Due to limited choices, the answer may not refelt the participant’s true feelings, therefore, affecting the validity. The researcher has chosen the questions meaning the participant will be impacted by that.

Question 16

What are two advantages of structured interviews?

Answer 16

Due to being with the researcher, there is less chance of them misunderstanding the question. Closed questions allow for quicker, more representative data.

Question 17

What are two disadvantages of structured interviews?

Answer 17

The interviewer’s opinions may affect the participant. Closed questions prevent the participant from answering truly.

Question 18

What are serendipitous findings?

Answer 18

Answers that the researcher had not thought of.

Question 19

What are two disadvantages of unstructured interviews?

Answer 19

Very time consuming. Difficult to compare data as the questions flow like a conversation.

Question 20

What are two advantages of unstructured interviews?

Answer 20

Participants use their own words therefore its high in validity. There is a chance of serendipitous findings.

Question 21

What does PO stand for?

Answer 21

Participant observation.

Question 22

What are two advantages of covert PO?

Answer 22

The group behave naturally as they aren’t aware they are being watched. The researcher gets an insight into was the group are really like and why.

Question 23

What are two disadvantages of covert PO?

Answer 23

It is unethical due to a lack of consent. The researcher may get too involved in the group and influence the way the group act.

Question 24

What are two advantages of overt PO?

Answer 24

More ethical than covert PO. As the researcher joins in with the group they get a truthful insight to the group.

Question 25

What are two disadvantages of overt PO?

Answer 25

Participants may act differently as they know they are being watched. Its time consuming and lacks representativeness.

Question 26

What are two advantages of non PO?

Answer 26

Since the researcher doesn’t participate they are less likely to impact the behaviour of the group. The researcher is observing real behaviour not how somebody says they behave.

Question 27

What are two advantages to experiments?

Answer 27

The researcher does not join in so they can be objective. The researcher has high control over the variables so can repeat the experiment the same way.

Question 28

What are two disadvantages of experiments?

Answer 28

They can be unethical and cause emotional harm. The group knows they are being experimented on so they may act differently.

Question 29

What are two advantages of official statistics?

Answer 29

They are a free source of huge amounts of quantitative data. They show trends and patterns over time.

Question 30

What are two disadvantages of official statistics?

Answer 30

The government may have different definitions of things like poverty, making it difficult for sociologists to use. They may not measure the full extent they claim to show.

Question 31

What are two advantages of using documents to gain data?

Answer 31

They include first hand details of people in the past. They include real insights which should be high in validity.

Question 32

What are two disadvantages of using documents to gain data?

Answer 32

They are highly subjective as it is only one person’s opinion. It needs to be considered how believable it is and not biased towards the writer.

Question 33

What is a case study?

Answer 33

An in-depth study of one particular example of a group.

Question 34

What is a longitudinal study?

Answer 34

A study that follows up the same sample or group over an extended period of time.

Question 35

What is an ethnography?

Answer 35

An ethnography is the observation and description of a group of people and their way of life.

Question 36

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 36

A hypothesis is a possible explanation that can be tested by collecting evidence to prove it is true or false.

Question 37

What is a pilot study?

Answer 37

A draft version of the research method to use as a trail run.