Education Flashcards
What is formal education?
Eg, school, college, university etc.
What is informal education?
Learning by observing.
What is a private school?
A school that isn’t funded by the government, They don’t have to follow the curriculum but have high fees.
What is an academy?
A school that isn’t under government control, they allow more academic freedom and do not follow the curriculum.
What is a free school?
A non-profit government funded school.
What is a faith school?
A school that teaches more about a specific religion, this can avoid children being discriminated against their religion.
What is a state school?
Its similar to private education but is government funded.
What are alternative provisions?
These are for kids who are excluded from school, are homeschooled, or go to special education schools.
What is the functionalist view on education?
They believe schools are essential to teaching norms and values, and that schools build social solidarity.
What does Durkheim say about education?
He says it is essential for secondary socialisation, and your career is purely based on how well you did in school. (meritocracy)
What is meritocracy?
The idea that everyone has equal opportunities and if you do good you will gain status.
What are paticularistic standards?
For example, parents creating rules for a specific child’s abilities.
What are universal standards?
Standard rules such as laws and school rules.
What is the idea that Parsons mainly believed?
Meritocracy.
What do Marxists believe about education?
They believe that education trains children to be slaves to capitalism.
What is the feminist view on education?
Feminists believe that school enforces patriarchy at a young age by gendering subjects and not encouraging interests.
What is labelling?
When teachers label a child ar good or bad that child can take that on and it can have an impact on their education.
What is ethnocentrism?
Only seeing something from on ethnicities point of view.
What is an anti-school subculture?
A group of people who are bad at school come together and discourage working hard in school.
Who doesn’t agree with meritocracy
Marxists and feminists.
What is the correspondence principle?
Schools reflect the workplace.
What is cultural capital?
The skills and knowledge middle class parents have that they can use to give their children an advantage in the education system.
What is deschooling?
An alternative form of education where formal schools are replaced by alternative methods of education such as homeschooling.
What is an ethnocentric curriculum?
A curriculum that focuses on a particular ethnicity.
What is the gendered curriculum?
How stereotypes and expectations about gender are promoted through both the formal and hidden curriculum.
What is labelling?
Attaching a name or trait to a person or group, often based on a stereotype.
What is marketisation of schools?
a 1988 act that aimed to bring
competition and choice into education.
What is material deprivation?
When students lack the money and the things money can buy to succeed.
What are selective schools?
Where students are selected for a school based on certain criteria such as academic ability or religion.
What is social capital?
Contacts and relationships middle class parents have to help pupils succeed.
What is social mobility?
Movement up or down the social ladder.
What is vocationalism?
Education focused more on practical or technical skills aimed at a certain job or career.
Who researched the correspondence principle?
Bowles and Gintis.
What is the correspondence principle?
The idea that school reflect the workplace through teaching obedience, accepting boredom and external rewards.
Who believes school is a ‘mini society’?
Durkheim.
What does the functionalist Parsons argue about education?
He believes education acts as a bridge between family and society.
What standard are children held to in a standard school?
Universalistic.
What is a criticism of the functionalist view on education?
Education may not benefit all students equally due to class and gender etc.
What are the four functions of education?
Serving the economy, social mobility, social cohesion, and secondary socialisation.
How do schools serve the economy?
Education provides skills/qualifications that prepare pupils for jobs essential to the economy.
What does Willis explore?
He researches the idea of anti-school subculture.
In school, what is setting?
Pupils put in different sets for different subjects.
In school, what is setting?
Pupils put in different sets for different subjects.
In school, what is streaming?
Pupils are put in the same ability set for all subjects.
What is mixed ability teaching?
A classroom where all ability students are taught together.
