Other Flashcards
Food allergies caused due to
Common allergens examples
Immune system - anaphylactic shock rick
Cows milk, peanuts, hens eggs, soy, wheat, fish and shellfish
Management of food allergy
Strict avoidance
Sodium cromoglycate tabs/caps- given alongside avoidance
Drug treatment for symptom control in food allergy
Chloremphanamine maleate (piriton)
Food induced anaphylaxis treatment
- Adrenaline
MHRA warning for adrenaline
Carry 2 in date auto injectors and use as soon as anaphylaxis is suspected (airway, breathing or circulation problems arise)
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency means
Reduced secretion of pancreatic enzymes into duodenum
Symptoms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Maldigestion
Malnutrition
Diarrhoea
Abdominal cramps
Steatorrhea (fatty poo)
Causes of reduced exocrine secretions
CF
Coeliac disease
Zollinger sydrome
Pancreatic tumour
GI surgery
Chronic pancreatitis
Treatment of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Examples
Pancreatic enzyme replacement with pancreatin
Creon
Pancrex V
Nutrizym 2
Pancreatic enzyme- counselling points
Take with food and avoid heat
Pancreatin contains 3 groups of enzymes which are …….
Whats their role?
Lipase
Amylase
Protease
They assist in the digestion of fats, carbs and proteins
Lifestyle management for pancreatic insufficiency
Avoid hard to digest foods (legumes), reduced fat diets
Avoid alcohol completely
Ensure adequate hydration for those on high strength pancreatin
Can you take alcohol if you had pancreatic insufficiency
Avoid alcohol completely
Whats the difference between ileostomy and colostomy
Ileostomy - connects end of small intestine to abdominal wall
Colostomy- connects colon to abdominal wall
Whats a stoma, whats their two common forms
An external bag which connects to abdomen containing urine and faeces instead of through the anus
Colostomy
Ileostomy
What formulations are unsuitable in stoma patients
Enteric coated and MR due to insufficient release of active ingredient
Avoid this substance as can cause a laxative affect
Sorbitol
Most suitable analgesics in stoma patients
Paracetamol
Opioids may cause constipation in colostomy patients and NSAIDs, aspirin may cause bleeding
Antacids in stoma patients, what risks are increased
Magnesium—> diarrhoea
Aluminium—> constipation
Anti diarrhoeal drugs used in ileostomy
Loperamide and codeine phosphate
They may be at risk of fluid depletion which can lead to hypokalaemia
Can diuretics be used in stoma patients
Yes but with caution due to risk of dehydration or potassium depletion
- may use potassium sparing diuretic to prevent hypokalaemia
Iron preparations , how do they affect bowel movement of stoma patients
Causes diarrhoea in ileostomy
Causes constipation in colostomy
Stools may appear black
Sore skin if output leaks
Try avoiding
Which laxatives are preferred in colostomy
Bulk forming preferred over stimulants in colostomy
Stool softeners can also be used
Use laxatives with caution in ileostomy- loss of water and electrolytes
Why do we split doses of potassium supplements in stoma patients
To avoid osmotic diarrhoea
