OTC 1 Flashcards
Max dose acet (adult and child)
4g- 10-15mg/kg q4-6h max 75 mg/kg/day
max dose ibu (adult and child)
1.2 (OTC), 3.2 Actual, 5-10mg/kg q6-8h max 40mg/kg/day
when to refer back pain
trauma from height, fever/chills/unexplained weight loss, worse lying down, numb in bum or radiating pain, bowel/bladder dysfunction,
dealing with burns
remove heat source, keep cool to remove heat (run under cold water, etc), keep moist, cover,
disorder helped by sun, and made worse by sun
psoriasis better, rosacea and sometimes cold sores can be worse
ceiling of sunscreen protection, apply ___ minutes before sun exposure
SPF 50, 30
minoxidil is used topically for ____ and works best for ____. Use for ___ months before results (__________). Side effects include
used for androgenic alopecia. Best if loss is from crown vs receding. Fine baby hair most likely to grow. D/c if new hair lost within 3 months, ad try for 8-12 to get results. Low systemic absorption, but used to be used for BP so small possibility of decreased BP
what is finasteride’s role in hair loss
type 2 alpha reductase inhibitor only for hair loss in med- dosed 1mg vs 5mg used for BPH. Works in about 3 months, can also slow hair loss
comedone types
open (black), closed (white)
what to tell a patient whose baby has milia
baby acne- self limiting, normal (about 1 in 2), disappears without treatment in about 2 weeks
salicylic acid for acne
keratolytic, mild therapy
BP for acne
5% most, antibacterial and exfollient, SE= red/peel/dry and bleach clothes, lotion better for dry or sensitive, gel is stronger acting. Start; slow in 1-2 hour intervals to decrease irritation (goal is 12 hours contact at least), worse before better as pull bacteria and dirt out of pores, lotion good adjunct but not immediately after BP (20-30 min)
retinoids for acne
-decrease stickiness of follicular wall and increase penetration of other agents (combined with BP is great- combo product okay to use together, if seperate products use one in AM and one HS as can inactivate retinoid), side effects same as BP so start low and go slow (work up to 12 hours on), best HS becuase photosensitizing,
compare the retinoids (adapalene, tretinoin, tazarotene)
adap= least irritating, tret=most photosensitizing, tazar=most potent, Cat X for preg. Other two okay in preg but not recommended
antibiotics in acne
must be used in combo to prevent resistance and increases efficacy (with BP or ret- for both oral and topical),
tetracycline administration differences:
avoid antacids in all, avoid food/dairy with tetra, less problems with mino but could still avoid, and give with good for doxy
isotretinoin
for acne, for severe acne, CI in women of childbearing age unless taking contraceptive measures (one month before and one after), 2 negative preg tests before starting, and they understand potential risks to fetus, monitor for dryness (esp eyes- can use drops, shold go away within 6 weeks in most) and depression
how long before see an improvement in acne?
about 8 weeks
when do you repeat lice application and why
7-10 days- to get full life cycle of adults and eggs
how long do lice live away from the scalp
2-3 days- washing items in hot water for 15 minutes or dryer on hottest setting for items with close contact, or in a sealed plastic bag for 2 weeks freeze.
side effects of nicotine gum
throat irritation, burping/hiccups, nausea esp if faster chewing
side effects of nicotine patch
local reaction, headache, insomnia, weird dreams/nightmares (can take off patch at night to avoid), nausea
coffee/acidic drinks with nicotine
slows absorption if drink it first- reverse order or educate to space
bupropion for smoking cessation
increase NA and DA (blocks uptake), SE=dry mouth, insomnia, seizure disorder if dose too high (separate by 12 hours to avoid), interacts with MAOI, “zyban”
