Osteoparosis

Question 1

Normal bone health

Answer 1

Balance between Osteoclasts breaking down old bone, osteoblasts forming new bone
Peak bone mass - around 30s

Question 2

Early bone loss (osteopenia)

Answer 2

Bone remodelling imbalanced- bone reabsorption out pacing bone formation
Trabecular bone found in vertebrae and ends of long bone
Bone mineral density (BMD) begins to decline
Osteopenia BMD - -1.0 & -2.5

Question 3

Established osteoporosis

Answer 3

Significant loss of bone mass
Bone becomes fragile and more susceptible to fractures under minimal or normal forces
Confirmed osteoparosis - BMD score is -2.5

Question 4

Severe osteoporosis

Answer 4

Extreme loss of bone density
Bone becomes fragile highly brittle, unable to withstand minor stresses
Deformities and chronic complications
Multiple fractures can occur with poor healing, reduced functionality

Question 5

What is it?

Answer 5

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, resulting in increased bone fragility and a higher risk of fractures. It progresses silently over time, often remaining undetected until a fracture occurs.

Question 6

Essential vitamins and minerals

Answer 6

Calcium: Essential for maintaining bone density. Deficiency increases bone fragility.
Vitamin D: Facilitates calcium absorption in the gut and its incorporation into bones.
Magnesium: Plays a role in bone formation and influences parathyroid hormone (PTH) activity.
Vitamin K2: Regulates calcium deposition, directing it into bones rather than soft tissues.
Phosphorus: Excess or deficiency can weaken bones, as a balance with calcium is crucial.
Protein: Necessary for collagen synthesis, which forms the bone matrix