Osteomyelitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is osteomyelitis?

A

infection of the bone leading to inflammation, necrosis + new bone formation. Can be acute, subacute or chronic.

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2
Q

Name 3 causative organisms of osteomyelitis

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Group A Streptococcus
Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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3
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of osteomyelitis

A

Bacterial infection from indirect inoculation from skin (e.g. trauma, operative, chronic skin ulcers, haematogenous spread)

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4
Q

List 6 risk factors for osteomyelitis

A
Diabetes  
Immunosuppression  
Trauma
IV drug use  
Prostheses  
Sickle-cell anaemia
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5
Q

Describe the epidemiology of osteomyelitis

A

Mostly in YOUNG CHILDREN

< 20% of cases are in adults

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6
Q

List 5 symptoms of osteomyelitis

A
Pain in the affected area  
Fever  
Malaise  
Rigors  
Hx of preceding skin lesion, sore throat, trauma or operation
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7
Q

How may presentation of osteomyelitis differ in infants?

A

may not show localising signs

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8
Q

List 6 signs of osteomyelitis

A

Localised erythema
Tenderness
Swelling
Warmth
Painful/limited movement of affected limb
Seropurulent discharge from an associated wound or ulcer

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9
Q

What investigations are performed in osteomyelitis?

A

FBC: high WCC, ESR, CRP
Blood culture
Swabs of wound or discharge
X-ray: Cortical thickening + osteopenia
MRI/ bone scan: confirms dx + identifies abscess

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