Osteomyelitis Flashcards
Ceftriaxone is a ______ that is excreted mainly through the biliary tract.
third-generation cephalosporin
Vancomycin inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding firmly to the _______ terminus of nascent peptidoglycan pentapeptide.
D-Ala-D-Ala
Drug of choice for methicillin-susceptible and penicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococci
Nafcillin
Chloride-substituted derivative of lincomycin that inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with the formation of initiation complexes and with aminoacyl translocation reactions
Clindamycin
Clindamycin binds to ______ of bacterial ribosomes and suppresses protein synthesis.
50S subunit
It binds to a site on the 23S subunit rRNA of the 50S subunit and prevents formation of functional 70S complex
Linezolid
Semisynthetic derivative of rifamycin that binds to beta subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Rifampin
Used to treat osteomyelitis in combination with a beta-lactam antibiotic of vancomycin
Rifampin
Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole is also called ________
Cotrimoxazole
Ciprofloxacin inhibits 2 key bacterial enzymes: ________ and _______
DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV
Levofloxacin is a ____________ that inhibits bacterial DNA replication
third generation fluoroquinolones
Glycopeptide antibiotics that lack penetration through gram (-) cell membranes
Vancomycin
It is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that has bacterial activity against Gram (+) and vancomycin-resistant strains
Daptomycin
The bacterial activity of daptomycin is __________ which binds to bacterial membranes which result to the depolarization, loss of membrane potential, and cell death
concentration-dependent
Fusidic acid interferes with bacterial protein synthesis, specifically by preventing the translocation of the __________ from the ribosome
elongation factor G (EFG)
TMP-SMX works by the inhibition of 2 sequential steps of tetrahydrofolic acid synthesis, SMX inhibits incorporation of _____ into dihydrofolic acid precursurs.
PABA
______ generation of Cephalosporins have good activity against gram (+) and modest activity against gram (-)
First
Monobactam interacts with PBPs of susceptible microorganisms and induces the formation of ________ bacterial structures
long filamentous
TMP-SMX works by the inhibition of 2 sequential steps of tetrahydrofolic acid synthesis, ______ prevents reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate
TMP
______ generation of Cephalosporins have increased activity against gram (-), less active than 3rd gen
Second
__________ is a third generation cephalosporin that is able to penetrate CSF
Ceftriaxone
Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that binds to the ____ ribosomal subunit and interferes with protein synthesis
30S
Semi-synthetic, second generation tetracycline antibiotic that is active against gram (-) and gram (+) bacteria
Minocycline
A third generation fluoroquinolone that is less active than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin which inhibits 2 key bacterial enzymes
Levofloxacin
Antimycobacterial that induces most cytochrome P450 isoforms which increases the elimination of other drugs
Rifampin
Penicillin G covalently binds to __________ which kills bacteria only when they are actively growing and synthesizing cell wall
Penicillin-binding protein (PBP)
Oxacillin is an _______ penicillin wherein resistance is caused by inactivation of antibiotic beta-lactamase, modification of target PBPs, impaired penetration of drug to target PBPs and efflux
isoxazolyl
Piperacilin-Tazobactan is known to be _________ because bacterial killing is related to the time for which the antibiotic free concentration is maintained above the MIC of the infectig pathigen
time-dependent
A third generation cephalosporin that exhibits its bactericidal effect primarily through direct inhibition of specific PBP in susceptible bacteria
Ceftazimide
A fourth generation cephalosporin that is not degraded by plasmid and chromosome mediated beta-lactamases
Cefemine
