Osteology Of Thorax

Question 1

The thorax is the part of the body btw the ——- and ——

Answer 1

Neck and abdomen

Question 2

The anterior part of the thorax is called —— and the posterior part is called——

Answer 2

Chest
Back

Question 3

Thorax is flattened——- and ——— but round at the ———

Answer 3

Anteriorly
Posteriorly
Sides

Question 4

List the boundaries of the thorax

Answer 4

Sternum anteriorly ( breast plate)
12 thoracic vertebrae posteriorly
12 pairs of ribs laterally

Question 5

List the different types of vertebrae

Answer 5

Cervical- 7
Thoracic- 12
Lumbar- 5
Sacral- 5
Coccygeal- 1( 4 bones make up 1)

Question 6

The superior extent of the thorax is the ——

Answer 6

Superior thoracic aperture

Question 7

The spaces btw ribs is called

Answer 7

Intercostal spaces

Question 8

The sternum is shaped like

Answer 8

A knotted tie

Question 9

List the 3 major part of sternum

Answer 9

Manubrum
Body
Xiphoid process

Question 10

Upper part of the sternum is —— than the lower part

Answer 10

Thicker

Question 11

The joint between manubrium and body is

Answer 11

Manubriosternal joint

Question 12

Manubriosternal joint is a ——-joint

Answer 12

Primary cartilagenous joint

Question 13

Manubriosternal joint ossifies around age—

Answer 13

30

Question 14

Manubrium is found opposite T_ and T_

Answer 14

4
5

Question 15

The manubriosternal joint is directly opposite the junction between

Answer 15

4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae

Question 16

The manubriosternal joint has an angle called

Answer 16

Sternal angle of Louis

Question 17

The structures that pass through the sternal angle of Louis are

Answer 17

Rib- rib 2
Aorta- ascending aorta ending, arch of aorta beginning and descending aorta beginning
Trachea- bifurcation
Pulmonary trunk- bifurcation
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve, Ligamentum arteriosum
Azygos vein drains into SVC
Nerves- cardiac plexus
Thoracic duct- crosses from right to left

Question 18

Between the two pleural cavities( right and left) there’s a cavity called

Answer 18

Mediasternum

Question 19

The plane coming from the junction btw T4 and T5 divides the mediasternum into

Answer 19

Superior mediasternum
Inferior mediasternum

Question 20

Heart is found in mediasternum. T or F

Answer 20

T

Question 21

There’s a notch called —— or —- at the top of the manubrium

Answer 21

Suprasternal notch
Jugular notch

Question 22

The attachment of the 2nd rib to the manubrium is —— and a —— bone

Answer 22

Immovable
Primary cartilagenous

Question 23

1. Joint btw clavicle and manubrium is a —— type of joint
2. 1st rib and manubrium is a —— type of joint
3. 2nd rib, lower manubrium and upper part of body is a —— type of joint with 2 different ——

Answer 23

1. Synovial
2. Primary cartilagenous
3. Synovial, synovial cavities

Question 24

Manubrium serves as point of a little bit of muscle origin for —- muscle

Answer 24

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 25

Body of the sternum serves as a bigger muscle origin for —- muscle and also serves as muscle origin for —- muscle

Answer 25

Sternocleidomastoid Pectoralis major

Question 26

The body of sternum in a baby is not one , it is a combination of smaller bones called —- that fuse later at age — to —

Answer 26

Sternebrae 15 to 25

Question 27

There’s rib attachment on the xiphoid process. T or F

Answer 27

F

Question 28

The joint btw body of sternum and xiphoid process is called and is a —- joint

Answer 28

Xiphisternal joint Primary cartilagenous

Question 29

Xiphoid process is found at level of T—

Answer 29

T10

Question 30

Xiphoid process is a cartilage. T of F

Answer 30

T

Question 31

Xiphoid process ossified at what age

Answer 31

40

Question 32

Ribs can be classified based on? Give their types

Answer 32

Anatomy ( typical and atypical) Attachment to sternum ( true, false, floating)

Question 33

On true ribs, there’s presence of

Answer 33

Costal cartilage

Question 34

Ribs — to — attach to the sternum through their costal cartilage

Answer 34

1 to 7

Question 35

In false ribs, ribs — to — attach to the costal cartilage of — rib This forms—-

Answer 35

8 to 10 7th Costal margin

Question 36

T— and T— are floating

Answer 36

T11 and T12

Question 37

In typical bones, list the ends

Answer 37

Posterior Shaft Anterior

Question 38

The point where posterior end of the rib curves sharply is the

Answer 38

Angle of the rib

Question 39

List the structure you can find in a cross section of the shaft of a rib

Answer 39

Costal groove (VAN)

Question 40

List the structures you can find at the posterior end of the rib

Answer 40

Superior articular facet ( small) Inferior articular facet ( large) Neck Head

Question 41

Looking from up , what can you find on the thoracic vertebrae

Answer 41

1 spinous process 2 transverse processes Vertebrae foramen

Question 42

Body of the thoracic vertebrae is —- shaped

Answer 42

Heart

Question 43

The articular tubercle of the rib attaches to—- part of the thoracic vertebrae

Answer 43

Transverse process

Question 44

In atypical, the head has how many facets while in typical the head has how many facets

Answer 44

1 2

Question 45

Atypical rib is shortest and most curved Ribs that are atypical?

Answer 45

T 1,2,10,11,12

Question 46

Neck of atypical rib is rounded T or F

Answer 46

T

Question 47

In atypical ribs, presence of —- and —- surfaces

Answer 47

Upper and lower

Question 48

On the first rib You can find the scalene tubercle which is point of attachment of —- muscle and has ——- in front of it and ——- at the back of it

Answer 48

Anterior scalene Groove for subclavian vein Groove for subclavian artery

Question 49

The superior thoracic aperture or superior inlet is made up of

Answer 49

The body of T2 posterioly Medial margin of rib1 laterally ( left and right) Manubrium of sternum anteriorly

Question 50

The inferior thoracic aperture or inferior outlet is made up of

Answer 50

Costal margin anteriorly Distal tip if rib 11 laterally Rib 12 Body of T12 posteriorly Xiphoid process

Question 51

The transverse ridge lies at the level of the ——the point from which all costal cartilages and ribs are counted

Answer 51

2ndcostalcartilage

Question 52

In first rib, Its anterior end articulates by costal cartilage to manubrium by

Answer 52

synchondrosis (primary cartilaginous joint )