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Week 11- Musculoskeletal > Osteoarthritis and joint replacement > Flashcards

Osteoarthritis and joint replacement Flashcards

1
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis?

A
  • Pain
  • Stiffness
  • Loss of range of movement
  • Deformity
  • Loss of function
  • Reduced quality of life
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2
Q

What is osteoarthritis?

A
  • Degenerative disease of the synovial joints

* Progressive loss of cartilage

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3
Q

What are the modifiable risk factors of osteoarthritis?

A
  • Trauma
  • Muscle weakness
  • high impact activities
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4
Q

What are the non modifiable risk factors of osteoarthritis?

A
  • Sex: female>males
  • Age
  • Genetics
  • Congenital
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5
Q

What are the acquired risk factors of osteoarthritis?

A
  • Infection
  • Dysplasia
  • SCFE: slipped capital femoral epiphysis
  • Perthes
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6
Q

Water content in ageing vs osteoarthritis

A

In ageing, water content is decreased, it is increased in osteroarthritis

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7
Q

Collagen in ageing vs osteoarthritis

A

Same in ageing, disorganised in osteoarthritis

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8
Q

Proteoglycan synthesis in ageing vs osteoarthritis

A

Same in ageing, increased in osteoarthritis

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9
Q

Proteoglycan content in ageing vs osteoarthritis

A

Decreased in both

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10
Q

Chondrocyte size in ageing vs osteoarthritis

A

Increased in ageing, same in osteoarthritis

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11
Q

Chondrocyte number in ageing vs osteoarthritis

A

Decreased in ageing, same in osteoarthritis

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12
Q

Modulus of elasticity in ageing vs osteoarthritis

A

Increased in ageing, decreased in osteoarthritis

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13
Q

Describe the examination in suspected osteoarthritis

A
  • Inspection: BMI, gait, leg length, scars

* ROM: active and passive

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14
Q

What is seen on X ray in osteoarthritis?

A
  • Joint space narrowing
  • Sclerosis
  • Subchondral cysts
  • Marginal osteophytes
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15
Q

What is the non operative management of osteoarthritis?

A
  • Analgesia: paracetamol, 1st line opiate, NSAID, topical
  • Lifestyle modification: weight loss, exercise program
  • Corticosteroid infection
  • Viscoelastic injection
  • Glucosamine/chondroitin supplements
  • Stem cell therapy
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16
Q

What is the operative management for osteoarthritis?

A
  • Arthroscopic debridement
  • Joint preserving osteotomy
  • focal resurfacing
  • Full joint resurfacing
  • Partial joint arthroplasty
  • Total joint arthroplasty
17
Q

When is joint replacement considered?

A
  • End stage osteoarthritis on Xray
  • Attempt most of the non operative options
  • Significant deterioration in quality of life
  • Suitable for surgery- no significant PMH preventing surgery
18
Q

Explain consent for joint replacement in the context of osteoarthritis

A
  • Needs to be informed
  • Needs to be voluntary
  • montgomery princples
19
Q

What are the complications of osteoarthritis surgery?

A
  • Infection
  • Blood loss
  • Nerve injury
  • DVT/PE
  • Wound healing
  • Dislocation
  • Leg length discrepancy
  • Aspetic loosening and wear
  • Fracture
  • Revision surgery
  • COVID 19

Week 11- Musculoskeletal (11 decks)

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