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Year 3 - MSK > Osteoarthritis > Flashcards

Osteoarthritis Flashcards

1
Q

Give possible radiographic features of OA

A 
Sclerosis
Chondrocalcinosis
Loss of joint space
Periarticular erosions
Cyst
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2
Q

Give some metabolic causes of OA

A

Alkaptonuria

Acromegaly

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3
Q

What is alkaptonuria

A

Disorder in the break down of amino acids, leading to dark urine that turns black when exposed to air

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4
Q

Give some other causes of OA

A

Bone diseases e.g. Paget’s disease

Trauma

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5
Q

Give some neuropathic causes of OA

A

DM

Syphilis

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6
Q

Give some inflammatory causes of OA

A

RA
Gout
Infections

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7
Q

Give some haematological causes of oA

A

Haemophilia

Sickle cell disease

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8
Q

Management of OA first line

A

Patient education
Referral to OT and physio
Social support
Weight loss

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9
Q

Which drugs might be prescribed in OA?

A

Paracetamol
NSAIDS ARE NOT USED AS INEFFECTIVE
Capsaicin

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10
Q

How does capsaicin work?

A

Depletes substance P, a neurotransmitter between peripheral and central nervous system

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11
Q

Sings of osteoarthritis

A

Bouchard’s nodes of PIP

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12
Q

Joints affected

A 
1st CMCPJ (base of thumb)
DIP & PIP
Hip
Knee
Shoulder
Spine
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13
Q

Predisposing factors

A 
Age
Female
Obesity
Genetics
Joint injury/damage
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14
Q

What worsens the pain?

A

Activity related

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15
Q

What improves the pain?

A

Rest

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16
Q

How long is the morning stiffness for?

A

<30mins

17
Q

What would you see on examination?

A 
Boney swelling
Joint deformity
Joint instability (giving way)
Joint warmth + tenderness 
Muscle wasting/weakness
Restricted and painful range of movement
Crepitus
18
Q

Differentiate between herbeden and bouchard nodes

A

HerberDen = distal

Bouchard = PIP

19
Q

Which nodes are seen?

A

Herbeden and bouchard nodes

20
Q

Investigations

A

If someone is over 45 years, has typical symptoms then you can clinically diagnose it

21
Q

What might be seen on XR

A

Subchondral bone thickening
Cysts
Narrowing of joint space

22
Q

Management

A 
Education 
Self-care
Analgesia
Intra-articular corticosteroid injections
Physiotherapy
OT
Podiatry
Surgery
Pain clinic

Year 3 - MSK (13 decks)

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