Osteoarthritis Flashcards
1
Q
OA effects men or women more
A
Women, 3:1
2
Q
Age of onset of OA
A
> 50yrs
3
Q
Signs and symptoms of OA in localised disease
A
Usually hip or knee
- Pain on movement + crepitus
- Worse at end if the day
- Background pain at rest
- Joint gelling (stiffness after ~30min rest)
- Joint instability
4
Q
Signs and symptoms of OA in generalised disease
A
- Heberden’s nodes
- Bouchard’s nodes
- Joint tenderness
- Reduced ROM
- Mild synovitis
5
Q
Who is more likely to get Heberden’s nodes
A
Post menopausal women
6
Q
Describe Heberden’s and Bouchard’s nodes
A
- Heberden’s = DIP
- Bouchard’s = PIP
7
Q
Investigations for OA
A
- X-rays
- CRP may be slightly raised
8
Q
What is seen on an X-ray of OA (L.O.S.S.)
A
- Loss of joint space
- Osteophytes
- Subarticular sclerosis
- Subchondral cysts
9
Q
Lifestyle changes to RX OA
A
- Weight loss (if over-weight)
- Exercise to improve local muscle strength + aerobic fitness (irrespective of age, severity, comorbidity)
10
Q
Pharmacological Rx of OA
A
- Paracetamol + topical NSAIDs (initially)
- Codeine + oral NSAIDs (if previous therapy ineffective)
- IA steroid injection, temporarily relive symptoms
11
Q
Non-pharmacological Rx of OA
A
- PT/OT
- Heat/cold packs on site of pain
- TENS
- Joint replacements (gold standard for severe OA)
