Osteoarthritis Flashcards
What is the prevalence of OA?
8.75 million people
Most common MSK disorder
What part of the joint is lost with OA?
Cartilage
Which 3 cytokines are implicated in the pathogenesis of OA?
IL-1, TNF Prostaglandin E2 (from chondrocytes)
What type of collagen is found in cartilage ECM?
Collagen Type II
State 2 typical symptoms of OA
Pain worse on activity, relieved by rest
Morning stiffness lasting
State 2 common examination findings with OA
Crepitus over joints Bony enlargements (due to osteophytes)
Which type of joints are affected by OA?
Weight-bearing Constantly moving (C and L spine)
How would you describe the appearance of a hand affected by OA?
Squared
- because of bony enlargements
Which joints in the hand are commonly affected by OA? [3]
1st CMC joint!
DIPs, PIPs
What is commonly seen when the spine is affected by OA? [2]
Compression on nerve roots
Spinal stenosis; claudication
Give 3 examples of non-pharmalogical treatments of OA
Physiotherapy
Weight loss
Walking sticks
Give 5 examples of pharmalogical treatments of OA
Analgesia - paracetamol, topical analgesia
NSAIDs
Pain modulators - amitryptiline or gabapentine
Intra-articular steroids
Hyaluronic acid
What is the most definitive treatment of OA?
Joint replacement
What other surgical treatments of OA exist?
Soft tissue trimming
Give the 4 typical radiological signs of OA - LOSS pnemonic
Loss of joint space
Osteophytes
Subchondral sclerosis
Subchondral cysts
