Osteoarthritis Flashcards
symptomatic osteoarthritis
Presence of pain, aching, or stiffness in a joint alongside radiographic evidence
Radiographic osteoarthritis
consistently associated with severity of pain, stiffness, and physical function, especially when there is advanced structural damage
50% of individuals with radiographic knee OA do not have symptoms
non-modifiable risk factors for OA
Age
Joint malalignment/ biomechanical factors
gender
Ethnicity and culture
modifiable risk factors for OA
BMI
Occupation activity level
Previous knee trauma or surgery
common comorbidities with OA
High blood pressure
Heart disease
Chronic respiratory conditions
Diabetes
Stroke
ACR for OA
knee pain and at least 3 of the below
age greater than 50 years
Morning stiffness that lasts no longer than 30 minutes
Crepitus
bony Tenderness
bony enlargement
No palpable warmth
most appropriate questions
Is pain worse in the morning?
Does crepitus last greater than 30 minutes?
Is there warmth?
Using any assistive devices
Any medications
History of previous knee injury
Family history of OA
OA risk factors for poor prognosis
laxity
Poor proprioception
older age
Greater BMI
Increased knee pain
Decreased muscle strength and range of motion
Reduced external hip rotation
Multiple comorbidities
OA protective factors
increased muscle strength
better mental health
High self efficacy
Social support
Aerobic exercise performance
therapeutic exercise for OA
Aerobic capacity
Strength training
Neuromuscular education
ROM
Strengthening for OA
Reduces pain, disability, and medication use
Increases strength, balance, endurance, and self efficacy, in 18 months
Aerobic walking, quadriceps strengthening
Resistance exercise, more effective than health education
Low impact aerobic exercises and walking
significant effects on pain, functional outcomes and respiratory capacity
Supervise walking improved six minute, walking distance and decreased pain
Aquatics effective and short term for people over 40 years old
Neuromuscular rehabilitation
proprioceptive training showed improved pain and functional outcome compared to no treatment
most effective medications for OA
Cox two inhibitors and non-selective NSAIDs
Topical safer and better tolerated compared to oral
Cox inhibitors had a lower percentage of gastrointestinal adverse effects, compared to nonselective NSAIDs
