osteoarthritis

Question 1

what is the epidemiology of OA

Answer 1

female
oldage
obese
muscle weakness
suffers from another inflammatory joint disease

Question 2

what is the pathology of OA

Answer 2

disorder of the synovial joints
caused by repeated pressure on weight-bearing joints- cartilage is broken down which exposes bone

Question 3

what can OA be secondary to

Answer 3

trauma
infection
RA
Perthe’s disease
slipped upper femoral epiphysis

Question 4

what are the symptoms of OA

Answer 4

pain
inflammation
deformity
stiffness

Question 5

what are common joints affected by OA

Answer 5

knee
hip
feet
DIP
PIP

Question 5

what are common joints affected by OA

Answer 5

knee
hip
feet
DIP
PIP

Question 6

when is pain worse when suffering from OA

Answer 6

early morning stiffness - less than 1hr
night pain
worsens with activity
gradual onset

Question 7

how would you investigate OA

Answer 7

x-rays
examinations

Question 8

what are you looking for when examining for OA

Answer 8

antalgic gait
swelling/tenderness/crepitus
reduced range of movement
instability
DIP - heberdens nodes
PIP - bouchards nodes

Question 9

what would an x-ray show for OA

Answer 9

L - loss of joint space
O - osteophytes
S - sclerosis
S - subchondral cysts

Question 10

how to manage OA

Answer 10

analgesics - paracetamol
NSAIDs
physio
weight-loss - if relevant
walking aids/weight limitation braces
cortisone injections

Question 11

what is the surgical management of OA

Answer 11

arthroscopy
arthrodesis
arthroplasty
excision
osteomy