gout

Question 1

What is the management of acute gout in renal impairment?

Answer 1

steroids

Question 2

Crystal appearance in gout

Answer 2

Gout has Negatively birefringent, Needle-shaped crystals

Question 3

What is the most common type of acute kidney injury in post-operative patients?

Answer 3

Pre-renal AKI secondary to renal hypoperfusion

Question 4

What are the oral features of hand, foot and mouth disease?

Answer 4

Ulcerations on the tongue.

Question 5

4 Diagnoses that must be ruled out in any patient with ocular pain

Answer 5

Acute angle closure glaucoma
Anterior uveitis
Scleritis
Corneal ulcer

Question 6

What is the gold-standard treatment for transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis or ureter?

Answer 6

Radical nephroureterectomy

Question 7

How does hand, foot and mouth disease present?

Answer 7

Blisters on the hands and feet and ulcerations on the tongue, usually with fever.

Question 8

When should prophylactic allopurinol be commenced in a patient with acute gout?

Answer 8

This should be commenced at a low dose at least 2 weeks following an attack

Question 9

What is the most common route of infection in Septic Arthritis?

Answer 9

The most common is haematological which means that the source of infection is coming from somewhere else in the body.

Question 10

What is the treatment of acute gout?

Answer 10

The acute treatment is analgesia. NSAIDs are a common choice. Colchicine is used when NSAIDs are contraindicated (warfarin, peptic ulcer disease, heart failure). However, in renal impairment, steroids are used.

Question 11

causes of gout

Answer 11

Gout is caused by the precipitation of uric acid crystals within the joint leading to an acute inflammatory response.