Ossification Flashcards
What is Human Embryo composed of?
Fibrous Membranes or Hyaline Cartilage.
Bones form by replacing existing connective tissue?
Intramembranous originate between sheet like layers and Endochondral bones begin as masses of cartilage.
Importance of Calcium.
A diet low in calcium can lead to reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures.
Weight bearing activities, such as resistance training has what effect on bones?
Increase strength and density of bone tissue by increasing mineral deposits.
What is Osteoporosis?
A condition causing bones to become porous and thin. Weakens both strength and structure.
Who is Osteoporosis associated.
Light complexioned, post menopausal females are highest risk (Reduced Oestrogen). Low dietary calcium intake. 20s + 1000-1500 mg daily.
Osteoporosis - BRACE
B - Brittle R - Resistance A - Age C - Calcium E - Exercise
Bone growth in the young
Hardening and growth process consists of replacing cartilage with mineral salts.
Children’s bones are softer than adults, why?
Due to containing more cartilage, hardening process may not complete until 18-30.
How many bones in the skeleton.
206 Bones, Which give shape and form frame which muscles attach to.
Appendicular Skeleton
?
Axial Skeleton
?
Functions of the Skeletal System
Support - Soft Tissue, Posture Protection - Organs Movement - Levers for muscles Production - Red & White Blood Storage - Minerals, Ca, Ph, Fat
Epiphysis
Expanded section at the end of each bone.
Diaphysis
Shaft of the bone.
Hyaline Cartilage
Covering the bone ends.
Periosteum
A tough fibrous sheaf covering the whole bone.
Compact bone,
Solid strong and resistant to bending.
Cancellous Bone
Giving elastic strength to resist compression forces.
Medullary Cavity
Hollow tube down the centre of compact bone.
Yellow Marrow
Storage of fat.
What happens to bone as we age.
Bone calcium is lost causing bones to become brittle and susceptible to breaking. Inactivity makes this worse.
How can we strengthen bones.
We need to engage in weight bearing exercises.
Short term effect of exercise on bones.
Smoother movements, synovial fluid is secreted into the joint when fully mobilised.
Long term effect of exercise on bones.
Bone maybe improved as it responds to mechanical stresses. More mineral salts deposited.
