OSOS Flashcards

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1
Q

celule osoase

A

osteoblaste osteocite osteoclaste

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2
Q

osteoblast

A

cel tanara

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3
Q

osteocit

A

cel matura se afla in osteoplaste

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4
Q

osteoclast

A

cel multinucleara

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5
Q

unit morfo funct a osului

A

osteonul

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6
Q

alc osteon

A

canale Havers
lamele osoase concentrice
osteplaste cu osteocite

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7
Q

compozitie chimica oase

A

20 suta apa
80 suta reziduu uscat

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8
Q

compozitie reziduu uscat

A

matrice organica - oseina (90-95 la suta fibre colagen + subst fundamentala)
saruri minerale - Ca3PO4 si hidroxiapatita

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9
Q

osteogeneza def, durata

A

transformare t cartilaginos sau conjunctivo-fibros al embrionukui in schelet osos
se incheie la 20-25 ani

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10
Q

osteogeneza faze

A
  1. osificare primara
  2. faza de reanimare
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11
Q

clasificare oase

A

oase de membrana - osificare desmala
oase de cartilaj - osificare encondrala

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12
Q

oase form prin osificare desmala

A

boltii fruntii craniene
partial clavicula si mandibula

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13
Q

oase form prin osificare encondrala

A

oase scurte carpiene tarsiene
oase membre
oase baza craniu frontal temporal occipit partial
sfenoid etmoid

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14
Q

20-25 ani

A

cresterea se opreste
epifiza se sudeaza la diafiza
cartilajele sunt inlocuite de t osos

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15
Q

oase triunghiulare

A

sacrul rotula omoplatul

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16
Q

cine influenteaza osteogeneza

A

vitaminele A C D
factorii metabolici
hormonii : STH T3/T4 insulina gonadici paratiroidieni

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17
Q

oase lungi

A

humerus radius ulna femur tibie peroneu

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18
Q

oase scurte

A

tarsiene carpiene

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19
Q

oase sesamoide

A

rotula

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20
Q

oase late

A

parietal frontal occipital stern scapula coxal

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21
Q

oase alungite

A

coaste clavicula

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22
Q

oase pneumatice

A

frontal maxilar etmoid sfenoid

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23
Q

schelet axial

A

craniu coloana ocoaste stern

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24
Q

oase neurocraniu pereche

A

2 temporal parietal

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25
Q

oase neurocraniu nepereche

A

4 frontal occipital etmoid sfenoid

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26
Q

oase viscerocraniu nepereche

A

2 mandibula vomer

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27
Q

oase viscerocraniu pereche

A

6 maxilar nazal lacrimal zigomatic palatic cornet nazale inf

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28
Q

nr oase viscerocraniu

A

14

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29
Q

nr oase neurocraniu

A

8

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30
Q

articulatii os frontal

A

parietal sfenoid etmoid zigomatic maxilar nazal lacrimal

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31
Q

articulatii os parietal

A

frontal temporal parietanl pereche occipital sfenoid

32
Q

articulatii os temporal

A

sfenoid zigomatic mandibula parietal occipital

33
Q

articulatii os occipital

A

parietal temporal sfenoid

34
Q

articulatii os sfenoid

A

frontal parietal occipital temporal zigomatic

35
Q

articulatii os etmoid

A

frontal lacrimal maxilar

36
Q

articulatii os nazal

A

frontal maxilar

37
Q

articulatii os lacrimal

A

frontal maxilar etmoid

38
Q

articulatii os zigomatic

A

frontal temporal sfenoid maxilar

39
Q

articulatii os maxilar

A

frontal nazal lacrimal etmoid sfenoid palatin

40
Q

articulatii mandibula

A

temporal

41
Q

articulatii vomer

A

etmoid sfenoid maxilar palatin

42
Q

articulatii os palatin

A

maxilar etmoid sfenoid vomer

43
Q

articulatii cornet nazal inf

A

maxilar

44
Q

rol coloana

A

ax de sustinere
protejeaza maduva
executare miscari

45
Q

alc bazin

A

os sacru + 2 coxale

46
Q

nr oase

A

208-209

47
Q

nr vertebre

A

33-34

48
Q

nume C1 C2

A

atlas axis

49
Q

C T L S C

A

7 12 5 5 4-5

50
Q

curburi plan sagital

A

4 lordoze cifoze

51
Q

curburi plan frontal

A

scoloze

52
Q

lordoze

A

C + L
concavit spre posterior

53
Q

cifoze

A

T + S
concavit spre anterior

54
Q

alc vertebra tip

A

ant : corp
post : arc
legate prin 2 pediculi vertebrali

55
Q

articulatii sacru

A

5
L5 + 2 apofize + coccis + 2 cu coxalul

56
Q

schelet torace

A

stern ant
coloana post
coaste lat

57
Q

alc coaste

A

ant cartilaj costal
post arc osos

58
Q

nr coaste

A

12 perechi = 24

59
Q

tip coaste

A

1-7 adevarate
8-10 false
11-12 flotante/libere

60
Q

alc stern

A

manubriu
corp
apendice xifoid - cartilaginos pana la 40 ani

61
Q

nr artic stern

A

7 manubrie + 13 corp + 1 apendice = 21

62
Q

schelet centura scapulara

A

clavicula + scapula/omoplat

63
Q

schelet centura pelvina

A

oase coxale - ilion ischion pubis

64
Q

schelet membru sup liber

A

brat - humerus
antebrat - radius lat, ulna medial
mana - 8 carpiene, 5 metacarpiene, 14 falange

65
Q

scheletmembru inf liber

A

coapsa - femur
gamba - tibie, fibula/peroneu
picior - 7 tarsiene, 5 metatarsiene, 14 falange

66
Q

roluri oase

A
  1. parghii
  2. protectie
  3. antitoxic
  4. sediu principal al organelor hematopoietice
  5. metabol Ca, P, electroliti
67
Q

def hematopoieza

A

procesul de formare a elem figurate ale sg

68
Q

maduva rosie hematogena

A

copii toate oasele
adult oase late

69
Q

maduva galbena

A

adult canalul central al diafiz oaselor lungi

70
Q

maduva cenusie

A

varstnic nefunctionala canalul central al diafiz oase lungi

71
Q

rolul antitoxic

A

retentioneaza subst toxice Hg Pb F pe care le elibereaza treptat si elimina renal

72
Q

parghia I

A

artic craniu cu coloana

73
Q

forta parghia I

A

m trapez

74
Q

forta pargia II

A

m gastrocnemian

75
Q

forta pargia III

A

m biceps brahial

76
Q

parghia II

A

artic oase gamba cu picior

77
Q

parghia III

A

artic osul bratului cu antebrat (cot)